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SURNAMES. 



B. II O M E U DIXON. 



Sot |)nb«le JlUtributton. 



BOSTON: 

1857. 



'?)t,084 



Kr.torod, according to *ct of OouBross, In tho jear 1867, by 

11. II. » I X O N, 

In tho Clerk's OlBco of tho District Court of tho District of Maniindimetta. 



BOSTON: 

printed by john wilson and son, 

22, School Sibiet. 



CONTENTS. 



MM. 

Introduction ^ 

AnBRE\7ATI0N8 ••....., XXVU 

Prefixes akd Postfixics ^tiw 

Surnames i 

COKRIOENDA 'fill 



The First Edition of this work (June, 1855) was written on the spur of 
the moment, and principally for my own amusement. By reason of its 
many imperfections, I have made this new edition, in the hope that, upon 
its receipt, my friends will kindly consign the old one to the flames. 

Etymologies are, however, at all times deceptive ; and I feel assured 
that many errors will still be discovered in my deductions, but plead in 
apology the old proverb, " Noli equi denies inspicere donati." 



INTRODUCTION. 



A LL Surnames originally conveyed a meaning ; but from 
XX. the conniption in spelling, and number of words that in the 
course of time have become obsolete or wholly lost, it is often 
impossible to discover their true signification. 

Until within about the last two centuries, the orthography of 
but few had become fixed; they being generally written according 
to the fancy of the writer, and, when spelt as pronounced, often 
lost all trace of their original. 

To show how easily transformations can be made, we have only 
to look for the names of the Alehouse, Andrew Mackay, Billy 
Rufiian, and Currant Juice, in a Royal Navy List; for so were 
generally styled the iEolus, Andromache, Bellerophon, and Coura- 
geux. These, to be sure, were misnomers of the illiterate ; but it 
is not many years ago that all England was talking of "Abraham 
Parker," in whom I must confess I did not at first recognize one 
whom I had learnt to like, after seeing in the East the deeds he had 
performed. It is very true that Ibrahim Pacha was so died in 
jest; but undoubtedly many of the lower classes believed it to be 
his real designation. 

Even in the names of the nobility, what stranger would for 
Chulmley write Cholmondeley ; Marchbanks, Marjoribanks; Bee- 
cham, Beauchamp ? 

b 



VI 



iNTHonrcTioN. 



A source of groat confusion in tli(^ niiddio n^'os wiis the trans- 
liitin- luul rolriinslatiiig of ntuncH. Onn family in ("onnvall are 
called, in various records, do All.o M..ua,s|,.ri„, lljauciuninstcr, 
Whituiinstcr, and Wl.itclunrJi. In all iis four clmugcs, this mimo 
was never niisinterj.reted. I5ut liicy did iml always uud,.rstand 
what fhey translated; as, for instance, tho naineM Ooodrick and 
Godshall were turned into do IJouo fossalo and d.> ("asa Dei, when 
I think it prohable that both are ix-rsonal names, — the first being 
Powerful or Uieh in God; the other, (iod's servant; a name simi"- 
lar to the (lermau (Jottschalk, the (iaelie (iilchrisi, the French do 
Dieii, etc.,— all tantamount to Christian. 

AVingfield became, in media'val Tmtin, Ali Cami.i, when it is 
apiKirently either Hattlelield or Fiel.l of victory; an.l Kreemantle 
was rendered Frigidum Mantellum: but I |Mvfer my own defini- 
tiou ; viz., Frleze-mautle, or cloak made of Kriesland cloth. 

lieaufoy has been Latiui/ed both do Delia liigo and do Bella 
fide,— in the one caie signifying Dweller by or Lord of the Beau- 
tiful beech-tree plot, and in the other e(iuivalent to Tnu-man or 
Trusty. That the first, however, is reidly the name is clear; for its 
earliest forms are do Bella fago, Belfbii, Heaufoii, and Bewfewe. 

As early as the ninth century, the siguitlcalioiis of many Gothic 
names were lost, .as appears by tlieir Htraiig(< transformations in a 
record of the year 81G, of the Abbot Sniaragdus, of St. Michael's 

Convent in Lorraine, wherein Altmir be( uis vetiilus mihi , IJat- 

muut, consilium oris ; liainmir, nitidus mihi j Aiiuinl, unus durus. 



I' ! 



In the following pages, I have collected a few surnames from 
the principal Teutonic branches of the Gothic language,— viz., 
Old and Anglo Saxon, English, Lowland Scotch, Frisian, Dutch 
(of the Netherlands), Low Gennan (Piatt Deufsch), and High 
German; from all the branches of the Celtlo excepting Manx,— 
viz., British, Armoric, AVekh, Cornish, ICrse, mid Gaelic; and from 



INTUODrC'TION. 



VII 



some branches of tlio classical, as French, Italian, and Spanish, 
which arc derived froiri llic Latin. 

Of living tongues, the Frisian rescniides the Knglish more than 
any other. The principal eiiaracteristic of the (rue Frisian piii,,,- 
nyniics is their almost invariably ending in a, as ilibinga, Abben.a, 
Albada. In the termination of their local names, the Saxon " heim " 
is generally changed to "urn;" as van Ewsnm, q. v., van Ittersnm, 
van Oostrum. Tliis latter peculiarity occurs in our American idiom 
in such names as Uarnum, IJirkum, Farnum and Xsivmnn, Ilannum, 
and Van Arnum and Van Ornuhi, for IJarnham, Birkhani, Farnhami 
Ilanham, and van Arnhem, ip v. 

In IJritanny, "poul" and "ker" answer to the Cornish "pol" 
and "car." With this trifling ditfercnce only, the old rhyme — 
"By Tre, Ros, Pol, Lan, Ca(.'r, and Pen, you may know the Cor- 
nish men" — will apply as well to Breton men. 



When it is remembered that names were formerly adopted nrd 
changed with but little ceremony, it is Mngular that so many inele- 
gant ones have not only been appropriated, but also retained and 
handed down to posterity. 

At the present day, there is a British peer sumamcd Parncll, 
a German count styling himself Barefoot (von Barfuss, q. v.) ; and 
there is, or was lately, a noble Spanish family named Frying-pan 
(Padilla, q. v.), and an Italian called Little-pots (Pignatelli, q. v.). 
In Belgium, a family bear the name Teashop (Vermoelen de Thee- 
winkel, q. V.) ; while, in England, Arms have been granted to the 
name Beanshop; and Ship's coppers would probably be a sailor's 
definition of the Spanish name Calderon de la Barca. Even in 
our own city, a family are styled Trull. They may claim relation- 
ship, by name at least, both with the Trollope who visited this 
country a few years since, as well as with the Eight Honorable 
John Vesey Parnell, Lord Congleton. 



Vlll 



INXnODUCTION. 



I I 



In the lists of English gentry made in 1433 appear the names 
Gotobed, Ilalfekniglu, Yonghousbond, Whittcficde, Swineshede, 
Slyhand, Cachepolle, Popyngcay, Chantclcre, Spynache, and Dan- 
dylion ; together with local names, as At-mille, atte Cliambre, 
atte Dean and Yatynden, Atteford, Attelane, Atte Lee, Attepitte, 
Attewode, Bythewode, By Watyr, del Bothe, del Eyre, Delmere, 
Haymowe, Hoggepound, Wodesend. 

Among early French names are Quite-amiable (Toutdoulx), 
Everybody or All the world (Jehan Toutlemondc, A.D. 1417), 
Everywhere (Partout), Good child (BonenlFant), the Night (la 
Nuit), Short steps (Petit-pas), of Short leg (de Courtejambe), the 
one-eyed Fulk (le borgne Foucault), the stutterer of Villaines (le 
begue de Villaines), the Hare (le Lievre), the hare of Flanders 
(le haze de Flanders), Good lance (Bonnelance), the Red 'Squire- 
(le Rouge ^cuyer). Bad-hands (Malesmains), Ignorant (Mauclerc), 
Bad neighbor (Mauveisin), Bad knight (Walter Mauchevaler, 
A.D. 1200). 

Nobody's friend (van Niemantsvrient, q. v.) is a Dutch sur- 
name of the thirteenth century ; and nearly coeval with it arc the 
names, Without thankj (Sonderdank), Without land (Sonderlant, 
q. v.), the Big (die Brede), the Bald (de Calewe), Saucy child 
(Stoutkint), the Shoemaker (den Scomakere), Stallion (Stalpaert), 
Smelt (Spiering), the Crane (de Crane), Nightingale (Nachtegaal), 
Rough or Coarse coat (Ruychrok), Out of or From the defile 
(Uyteneng), from the Enclosure (uytten Hamme), From the field 
(Uytencampe), and of the Wood (van den Woude). In ir.04, one 
of the municipal councillors of Mechlin bore the name of Peter the 
Apostle (Mr. Pieter dcii Apostol). 



Surnames may be divided into several classes; one of the 
largest being those derived from the father's Christian, baptismal, 
given, or fore name, and sometimes even from the mother's name ; 



INTnODUCTION. 



I' the names 
Swineshede, 
e, and Dan- 
e Chambre, 
e, Attcpitte, 
c, Delmerc, 

Toutdoulx), 
LD. 1417), 
Night (la 
■jambe), the 
i^'illaines (le 
3f Flanders 
Red 'Squire- 
(Mauclerc), 
'auchevaler, 

Dutch sur- 
h it are the 
Sonderlant, 
■taucy child 
[Stalpaert), 
lachtegaal), 
the defile 
m the field 
1 lii04, one 
' Peter the 



me of the 
baptismal, 
jr's name; 



as, Anson (if not son of Hans), Marion and Marryatt (Marie, 
Mariotte), Mac Bride {son of Bridget, if not son of Gillebride), 
and iti early Dutch records are found such names as Nicholas Dame 
Arnout'sson (Claes Fer Arnoutsz., A.D. 12«0), John Dame Diede- 
wien's son (Jan Vere Diedewicn sone, A.D. 1314), Conrad Dame 
Neesen's son (Coenraed Ver Neesen seen, A.D. 1328), Henry John 
Dame Ida's son's son (Heinric Jan Ver Yden soens sone, A.D. 
1350). 

Tliey were formed from the father's name in at least four 
modes ; viz. : — 

-^First, By prefixing ab or ap in "Wales ; mac and o' in Ireland ; 
MAC in Scotland; fitz in England; dk and des in France, as 
d' Andre, de Blanchard, d'Hugues, de Lamiable, de Prudliomme 
(i. e., son of Andrew, of Blanchard, of Hugh, of The amiable, of 
Sage or Wiseman), des Guillots, des Isnards, des Laurents (i. e., 
of the Wilkinses or Wilmots, of the Isnards, of the Lawrences) ; and 
Di, i)E' or DEI, and degli, in Italy; as, di Cola, di Giacomo, di 
Giovanni (i.e., son of Nicholas, of James, of John) ; Filippo di Sor 
Brunelleschi, Nanni d' Antonio di Banco (i. e., Philip son of Sir 
Brunelleschi, Ferdinand son of Antonio of Banco) ; de' Malatesti, 
de: Buonaguidi, Antaldo degli Antaldi (i.e., of the Headstrongs or 
Headstrong family, of the Good Guys, Antaldo of the Antaldi). 

The Norman French prefix Fitz (le., fils, son), introduced into 
England at the time of the Conquest, has disappeared in the 
country of its origin. There is, it is true, a French Duke de Fitz- 
James ; but he is of English descent. 

When the prefixes de, di, etc., precede the names of Saints, 
such surnames, although sometimes local, as frequently signify that 
their original owners had dedicated themselves to the Saints' ser- 
vice; as, de Saint Simon, di San Giovanni, di Santa Marta, de los 
Martiros (i. e., serf, servant, or vassal of St. Simon, of St. John, of 
St Martha, of the Martyrs). 



* INTRODUCTION. 

Secondly, By adding mo, inck, and inga, to the termination in 
the Anglo-Saxon, Old German, Dutch, and Frisian ; as, Dcering, 
Froding, Jenning, whence Jennings, Rawling, whence Rollins, Tim- 
ming, whence Timmins, Baring, Dirckinck, ililbinga, q. v. (i. e., ^o» 
of Bear, Sage or Wiseman, John, Rawlc or Ralph, Tim or Timothy, 
Bear, Theodorick not Theodore, and Eahe) ; son in Great Britain; 
soiiN, often corrupted to " son " and « sen," in Germany ; and zoON, 
also generally changed to "son," "sen," and « se/' or abbreviated 
to «z," in Holland. 

The Anglo-Saxons sometimes bore their fathers' names with 
the addition of "son;" as, il^lfgare iElfan suna, Sired iElfrides 
suna, Godwine Wolfnothes suna: but these wei^ not hereditary 
surnames, which did not come into common use in England until 
after the Conquest. 

The word «ing" often forms the penult of local names; as, 
Frodingham (i. e., Home of Sage's so7i) ; Washington, anciently 
Wassingatun (i. e., Town of Wasa's so7is). Inc, inck, or ing, signi- 
fies likewise home, enclosure, dwelling, pasture, meadow, and tract 
of land or country. Ing was, moreover, a pei-sonal name borne by 
one of the three sons of Mannus. A son of Odin was named 
Ingvi ; and the ancient kings of Sweden were called Ynglin"-ar, or 
Descendants of Ingvi. 

In Holland, about the middle of the fourteenth century, a 
strange fashion of adding two or more "sons" to the name arose, 
and obtained for more than a century. 

Many examples occur among the municipal authorities of Am- 
sterdami the first, an alderman, of the year 1367, is Claas Dirck 
WiUiam's Son's Son (Claes Dirck Willems Soons Soon) ; anotlier, 
in 1422, is Gilbert Peter Allerd's son's Son's Son (Gijsbert Pieter 
AUerdsz. Zoens Zoen) : but they are all surpassed by one of the 
year 1445, styled Matthew Peter Reynold's son's Son's Son's Son's 
Son (Meeus Pieter Reyniersz. Soons Soons Soons Soon) ! The 
last of this form is a burgomaster of 1489, named Champion Ber- 



INTRODUCTION. 



XI 



nard William's son's Son's Son (Vechtcr Barend Willemsz. Zoons 
Zoen). 

An alderman of 1440 i.s called Big Simon Mr. John's son 
Traveller (Groote Symon Mr. Jansz. Ileyser). In this, it will be 
perceived that the father's foremune precedes the suraame, — a 
custom that prevailed for a few centuries (nde do Ruyter and 
Tromp), and was also applied t« women's names, the letter d, for 
"dochter," taking the place of the z; as, Adriana Simon's daughter 
Hajselaer (Adriana Simonsd. Ilasselaer). 

The father's Christian name was also placed after the surname ; 
as, John Brown Jacob's son (Jan Bruijn Jacobsz.) ; and, even at 
the present day, the father's initials are often borne after the sur- 
name ; as, M. .Jansz. Az., A. Luden J. Hz. ; i. e,, M. Jansz A's son, 
A. Luden J. II's son. 

In France, anotlier form of diminutives existed. It was, and 
is I think still, customary in the departments of the Aude and Py- 
renees Orientales to apply diminutives to the Christian name or 
surname of the father. Thus a person named Cassand would call 
his eldest son Cassando, and the youngest Cassandito or Cassan- 
dclto; and there must be some rule of the sort in Italy, where 
diminutives are in common use. 

In the Italian language, there are many syllables added to nouns 
for increasing or lessening their value, both in an ordinary as weU 
as in a good or bad sense. And they constantly occur in surnames ; 
as, Gamberucci, Fabrucci, Ambrosial, Amaduzzi, Giovanozzi, Mich- 
elozzi; which, literally translated, are Little-legs, Little Smiths, 
Handsome little Ambroses, Mean little Amadei, Handsome Lrge 
Johns, Handsome large Michaels : but I presume, when these addi- 
tions in the plural fom parts of surnames, they are equivalent 
simply to sms, race; or descendants, and have therefore so rendered 
them in the following pages. 

They are found also in the singular number. Tintoretto, or 
The UtHedyer, whose family name was Robusti, obtained his sobri- 



adi 



INTRODUCTION. 



•quet aa being the son of a Tintore. Angelo di Bondone was called 
Giotto, an abbreviation of Angiolotto, or Good strong Angelo ; and 
a late popular orator, Angelo lirunetti, was known as Ciceroacchio. 
There are many other diminutives applied originally to fore- 
names, and which thus compounded have become surnames; but 
the desire of keeping this little work within bounds compels me to 
pass them over very bi'iefly, as follows : — 

In England, kin, lin, ot, et, and cock ; as, Lukin, Perkin, 
whence Perkins, Nicklin, Tomlin, Eliot, Philpot, Bartlet, Paulett, 
Alcock, Hancock, and Wilcock, whence Wilcocks and Wilcox (i. e., 
Little Luke, Peter, Nicholas, Thomas, Elias, Philip, Bartholomew, 
Paul, Hal or Henry, Hans or John, and William), 

In France, k. u, el, et, in, ot, etc. ; as Bretonneau, Rousseau 
and Roussel, Philipeau, Pliilipon and Philipot, Thom.-uiseau and 
Thomassin, Jcanet, Jcanin, Jeanot, Jehannot and Johannot, Girar- 
dot, Frerot, Brunet and Brunei, Blondel, Michelet (i. e.. Little 
Breton, Eoux or Red, Philip, Thomm, John, Girard, Frere or 
Brother, Bnm or Broicn, Blond or Fair, and Michael) ; and the 
name of the inventor of the terrible engine of the revolution, con- 
taining two diminutives, is tantamount to Little Billy, — Guillotin. 
In Brittany, ik is, I think, the only diminutive to names. The 
Christian name, Albin, may be changed to Albik or Albinik ; Bama- 
bask becomes Bnskik ; Anna, Annaik ; but the only Armoric sur- 
name of this class that I have met with is Gwazik, q. v., from Gwaz.. 
In Holland, je, ke, gen, jen, ken, jes, and kes are used ; 
and the following surnames are from the Amsterdam Directory : 
Fijnje, Henke and Heineken, Huijgens, Lutjens and Lutjes, Harij- 
ken, Tulleken, Guijkens, and Sijpkens and Sipkes (i. e.. Little Fijn, 
Henry, Hugo's, Luke's, Harry, TuUy, Guy's, and Syp's) ; and Ketjen 
and Roselje, which appear to be from the women's names Ketje 
or Cornelia and Rose. 

The common modefti diminutive to children's names is je ; as, 
Keesje, Jantje, Toonfje (i. e.. Corny, Johnny, Tony): 



-^ 



^11 



INTRODUCTION. 



XUl 



In Germany, chen, gen, ken, el, ke, lein, and lin are the 
prinoipal .li.ninutives ; as, Weibchen, from Wybe, an old German 
name; Oehmicl.en, from Ohm or Uncle; Jaiiichen, Janieko, Janke, 
and Jencken, from Johann ovJohn; Schonichen and Schonko, from 
Schon or Handsome; Schottgen, from Scliotte or Scot; Ilersolioll, 
from Ilirsch; Eberlein and Eberlin, from Eber; Evelein, from 
Eva ; Fedcrlein, from Feder ; Knablein, from Knabe, etc. 

Thirdly, In Great Britain, Holland, Germany, and Spain, by 
adopting as a surname the genitive case of the fatiier's name; as, 
Adams, Andrews, Edwards, for Adam's, Andrew's, Edward's, in 
England; Hendriks, Pieters, WiUems, in Holland; Ulrichs, and 
Wilhelms and Wilckens, in Germany. 

The genitive of the English John, when used as a surname, 
becomes Johnes or Jones; which explains the change of name of 
a hero of the revolution, John Paul, who entered the American 
navy as John Paul Jones, _i. e., John Paul John's or son of John ; 
and the late James King of William, of San Francisco, bore his 
father's Christian name, in addition to his own, to. distinguish him- 
self from another James Kin"'. 

In Friesland, the genitive was anciently formed by adding da, 
ma, na, ta, etc., to the termination; as, Abbema, q. v., from Abbe,' 
Allena, from AUe; Folperda, from Folpert; Lauta from Lauwe. ' 
In Spain, it would seem as if they retained an old Gothic geni- 
tive in such munes as Diaz, q. v., from Dia or Diego; Lopez, from 
Lope; Martinez, from Martin; Perez, from Pero or Pedro; and 
Rodriguez, from Rodrigo. 



les IS je ; as, 



Fourthly, In Italy, they appear sometimes to have used as a 
surname the plural of the forename; as, Dosso Dossi, Guido Guidi, 
Vito Viti, Michelozzo Michelozzi. 



xlv 



INTRODUCTION. 



A second dona nrc those (l(!rive(l from Nicknames; nnd our 
ancestors apjienr to have willingly borno such as few would like to 
acknowledge now. 

Willinm, I'rinco of Orange, a contemporary of Cliurleniagnc, 
having lost a jwrt of liis nose in hatlle, was called William with the 
Short nose (as cort nasc) ; and, satisfied with the appellation, ho 
bore a cornet upon his s(!ul, in allusion to it. 

Ilalfdan, one of the Vikings, was called the Munificent and 
Food Sparing ; because ho gave his followers plenty of money, but 
nearly starved them to death. He was father of Haralld hinn 
Ilarfagra, Ilnnild the Fairliaired, who banished from Norway the 
Jarl IleirullFor Gangerolf; i.e., Walking Tro//", so called on account 
of his great size, which obliged him to go on foot, as no liorsc could 
carry him. To us moderns, this Walking Wolf is only known as 
Rollo, Duke of Normandy. 

Fulk, Count of Anjou, in the tenth century, the first Thanta- 
gcnet, was so called from the sioitch with which he was scourged ! 
In atonement for the murder of his nephew Drogo, Count of Brlt- 
t.any, he was sent by his confessor to .Terusalem, attended only by 
two servants, one of whom was to lead him by a halter to the holy 
sepulchre, the other to strip and whip him there. The planta- 
gcnista, or broom-plant, being the only tough, pliant shrub in 
Palestine, wac the instrument chosen for his chastisement. 

In the Royal Family of England, there have been an Unready, 
a Sansterre or Lackland, two Crouchbacks, a Lorgshanks, and a 
Wryneck. Henry 11. was surnamed Fitz-Empress ; his eldest son 
was styled Short-mantle (Henri au court-mantel) ; and a daughter 
of Edward III., born in the Tower, was cp.lled Blanche de la Tour. 

Among the Kings of France were a Paid, a Stutterer, a Simpl'^, 
a Lazy, and a Noisy or Quarrelsome (F utin). 

An Emperor of Germany was ca?.ed The Pale Death of the 
Saracens (der bleiche Todt der Saracenen). 

The youngest son of Garcia Sanchez, Duke of Gascony, in the 



INTIIODLX'TIOK. 



XV 



Death of the 



tenth century, wiw ciiII.mI Arnoii.I tho tinhorn ! Posnlbly this was 
present in tho niin,| „f L„nl H,i,on (?) wImmi he wrote Macbeth. 

A Duke of Wurl..Mil...rK wiw nmnrd Kberhard of the Ik-ard; 
a King of Denmark. Kork...|.bear(| j a King of Poland, Bolesl.as 
tho Curled; a Duko of UuU^nne, Tow-head (T«3tc d'llltoupe.s) ; and 
William do I'crcy, a companion of the Conciueror, William with 
the Whiskers (ah gernons, and Alg..rnon in Htill retained as a fb.-e- 
nunio hi the Norliiumbaland family). Another Norman baron 
was caUed Ilumon with tho Teeth, or simply Dan as den^j i. o., 
Zord with the 2\elh, 

The eldest son of Owen (Iwyne.M, Prince of North Wales 
(oh. IIG'J), was called Kdwaid IJrokcn Nose (Jorwerlh Drwyn- 
dwnn) ; and one of I'rinee Alberfs ancestors was Fn-deriek with 
tho Bitten Cheek (Friedrich mil tier gebisseneu Wange). 

The last Countess of Tyr.d (oh. 1309) was styled Margaret the 
Pocket-monthed (Maullasche) ; and a Scottish lady with tho same 
deformity bore the sobriipiel of Miickle-mou'ed Men-. 

In AVales, in the fourteenth century, liv.-d one Howell the 
Scabby (y grach). His grandson subscribes himself Llywelyn ab 
Gwilym ab Ilywel y grach, and tho wife of Sir David Gam, a 
hero of Agincourt, is called in pedigrees Gweullian, daughter of 
Ilywel y grach. 

The name Gwenllian - !. ,.., Whih linen - appears to have 
been borne as early as the b..ginning cf the eleventh century by a ' 
daughter of Eineon np Ilowel Dda. 

Charles, Duke of the Franks, grnn.lfather of Charlemagne, waa 
called Charles Martel, probably fi.,m the weapon he generally used. 
Two Counts of Anjou wore likewise styled Martel. A Duke of 
Normandy wcs surnanied Longsword; a Count of Flanders^ Bald- 
win with the Axe ; a hero of Poictiers, Sir Ilowel of the Battle- 
axe (Hywel y Fywall) ; and tho clan Maclean claim descent from 
GUlean of the Battle-axe (Gllhmn na Tuaidh). 

A Count of Brandenburg wjw called Otto with the Arrow; for, 



XTl 



INTROKTCti*^. 



having been wounded in his head by an arrow, the iron point 
remuined a year in the; wound l)i"*>r« it was extracted. 

England and llrandenhurg lia>*o had their Ironsides; Sicily 
ant J Flanders, their Iron arms. A Lord of Ilesso and a Duke of 
CJlogau were culled Iron; and a Duke of Savoy, Iron head: but 
before them all was Hiorn Ironside (Jarnsida), King of Ujisula, in 
the ninth century. He was supposed to be invulnerable cxcejit on 
the right side, which he covered with a plate of metHl. 

A companion of the Conqueror was surnamed Strong siiield 
(Fortcscue) ; and in the same century a nobleman of Tourainc, 
Sulpice do Busan^^ais, was called Tliousand bucklers (niille bouc- 
liers). 

Otto, Duke of Brunswick, was named the Child; and a Lord of 
Hesse, the Child of Brabant. 

A King of Denmark was called the Lamb ; a Count of Maine, 
Watchdog (Kveille-chicn) ; an Elector of Brandenburg, the Boar; 
and a Duke of Saxony, the Lion. 

A King of Norway was stylod Olaf the Woodcutter (Olafr 
Trctclgiu) ; a Count of llainault, Baldwin the Builder; a Viscount 
of Melun, William the Carpenter ; and a scion of the house of 
Arkel, Hugo Butterman (Hughe Butterman, heere van Bottersloot, 
ob. 1302), probably from the measure of butter which he bore in 
hia Arms as a mark of cadency. 

A Count of Holland was called Florence the Fat ; a Count of 
Gelderland, Otfo witl. the Horse's foot (met de Paardevoet); a 
Count of Lorraine, Godfrey the Hunchback ; a Count of Inlanders, 
Arnolph the Unlucky ; a Count of Anjou, Fulk the MelanfJioly 
(Rechin) ; a Duke of Normandy, Robert the Devil; and tjj ,,ar,, i 
de' Medici, the Great Devil. 

Among the Counts of Savoy were Humbert with the U'iiite 
hands ; Amadeus with the Train, from his long suite of followers ; 
Humbert the Very strong (Renforce) ; Peter the little Charle- 
■■^agne; and Amadeus the Green Count (le Compte Verd). 



INXnODl'CTION. 



XVII 



md a Lord of 



A Count of Maine wns called the Wliifo baclielor, from Laving 
worn ft white sliirt over his armor upon a cc^rtain oc.Msi,,,,. A 
liuke of Austria waa surnanuMl Albert with the 'J'rcsr., from liia 
gallantry; for. having received from a huly a lock of her hair, ho 
had it braid, cl usto his own, and even instituted, in 137C, a Company 
of th, Tr ss (G- I'schaft des Zopf!,). A Duke of llrun.swick hero 
tl.o namr. ..f Magnus with ih„ Silver chain; at.d Lord John of 
KgnionJ, . ithcr of Arnout, Duke of Gcl.lerlund, was styled John 
with the Bells, because he wore in buttle a belt covered with silver 
bells. 

A Welsh gentleman was called David Bobtuiled horse (David 
Ceffyl Cwtta). IIi, was brother of Sir Iliiys nj) Thomas, K. G., 
who died circa ir>25. The foster-brother of King Kdward IL was 
surnamed Sir Ilowel of the Horse-shoes (Ily wel y Pedolau). Like 
Augustus the Strong, Duke of Saxony, he could bend or break a 
liorse-shoe with his hands. 

Olaus, King of Denmark in 1080, was siirnamed the Hungry; 
Stephen, King of Hungary in 1114, Thunder; Ludislas, King of 
Tolaiid in 1081, ti.e Careless ; his successor, Boleslas the Wry- 
mouthed (der Krummaulige) ; and Ladislas HL was called Big 
Legs (aux grosses Jambes). A member of the ducal house of 
Brunswick was known as Big-feet (Wilhelm rait dem grossen 
Fusse). 

Duke Frederick of Austria (ob. 1430) was styled Frederick 
with the Empty pocket (mit der Iceren Tasehe) ; William, Count 
of Efist Friesland in 1198, was called Lackland (sonder Land); 
and the same name (Sansterre) was borne by I'hilii), Duke of 
Savoy ii\ "! 196. 

When sovereigns received such sobriquets and surnames, their 
inferiors could hardly expect to be spared. 

Hence we have Black-mouth and Wry-mouth (Boccanegra, 
Campbell), Hare-lip and Goose-biU (de Bec-de-Lievre, Gansneb), 
Crooked-nose and Turned-up-nose (Cameron, Cochran), Crooked- 



XVI u 



INTRODUCTION. 



m 

I I ; 
\i m 



leg and Splay-foot (Cruickshank, Paiincefoot), Squint-eye and 
Ikd-eye-sight (Leepoog, Malavista), Sliort and Stout (Groote- 
koort), Penniless (Ilabeniclit), Good-beer, Small-beer, and Sour- 
beer (Gutbier, Dunnebier, q. v., Sauerbier), as well as Sour-broth, 
Sour-vinegar, Sour-wine, and Sour-man (Sauerbrey, Saueressich, 
Sauerwein, Sauermann); together with all the colors of the rain- 
bow, given or taken in allusion to the complexion, hair, and dress. 

Only as late as the close of the seventeenth century, at least 
four Highland chieftains were distinguished by deformities; viz., 
Mackenzie the Black-kneed (M'Keinich Glundu), M'Intosh the 
Squint-eyed (Mce an Toshich Claon), Chisholm the Crook-eyed 
(Shisalach Came), and Hugh Frasor, Lord Lovat (b. 16GG), who, 
from a large black spot on his upper lip, was called Black-spotted 
son of Simon (Jlac Shimi Baldu). 

A to-name for Lord Lovat was superfluous ; as, among some 
five thousand souls called Mac Shimi, he was still " par excellence " 
the Son of Simon. Even so late as in the time of the last Lord, 
had any one in the shire of Inverness inquired for Mac Shimi, he 
would have been unhesitatingly directed to Castle Beaufort. 

With the clansmen, however, the case was different ; for there 
was always a paucity of Christian names in the Highlands. An 
Irish gentleman once told me, that in his youth the Fraser Fenci- 
bles were quartered near his father's residence, and that he had 
many times heard the roll called. It commenced, Donald Fraser, 
Senior ; Donald Fraser, Junior ; Donald Fraser, Bair.e ( White) ; 
Donald Fraser, lluadh (Bed); Donald Fraser, Buidhe {Yellow- 
haired) ', Donald Fraser, Dubh (Black) ; Donald Fraser, No. 1 ; 
Donald Fraser, No. 2 ; and so on to No. 18, before a new baptismal 
name appeared. 

Simon is, I think, the favorite forename of the Mae Shimis, or 
Frasers of Lovat; and, with ray own old Border Clan, perhaps 
Thomas is the most common. 

The Dicksons are still numerous on the marches, but no longer 



INTRODUCTION. 



SIX 



united as in the good old times, when the word was « Snaffle, Spur, 
and Spear;" « Best riding by moonliglit," a Buceleuch's motto ; and 
"Ye shall want ere I want," a Cranstoun's; for, to replenish liis 
larder, the Lowlander had merely to cross the frontier. 

To be sure, the day of reckoning sometimes came ; and many 
p Dickson, Elliot, Turnbull, Irving, Scott, and gallant Gramme, have 
said their neck-verse at Hairibee, as the hangman's records of 
Carlisle could testify; for, incredible as it may appear, the gentle- 
manly amusements of the Riding Clans were considered by the 
English little belter than thievin-r. 

Equally unkind was the treatment, by the inhabitants of the 
Hanse towns, of those jolly German knights, one of whom is still 
represented by Baron Robber of Plankenstein (Freiherr Rauber 
von Plankenstein), whose ancestors undoubtedly deemed themselves 
sovereign lords, with power to levy war against whom they pleased ; 
while for the Marchmen there was always war, — at least when the 
larder was empty. 

The surname Robber is not peculiar to Germany: for de 
Roover, q. v., is a Dutch name; and a noble Spanish family are 
styled Ladron de Guevara. Rillager (Taillebot, q. v.), Boor's 
enemy (Bauernfeind), and Land's ruin (Landschaden), are like- 
wise names of noble houses ; and, m the sixteenth century, a chief 
of Clan Grant was called James of the Forays (Shemish nan 
Creach). 



Another class are Local names, — those derived from particular 
situations and places, or names of places; as, Aikenhead, Wood- 
head, Atwood, Bydale, Cornfoot, Townsend, d'Anvers, van Buren, 
Boston. 

Although landowners often assumed as a surname the names 
of their manors, still, in general, this class originated from persons 
having dwelt at the head of the oaks, at the head of the wood, at 



XX. 



INTRODUCTION. 



the wood, by the dale, at the foot of the cornfield, at the end of the 
town ; or having been born in Antwei'|), Huron, or Boston. 

In many cases, however, local nanicH may be derived from 
signs. Hotels and shops are Htill often named after places and 
towns; and it is by no ..w.im a niodurn fashion: for, as early 
as 1483, there was living in Anistordiuii I'lctcr Jacobsz. Sael in 
Hamburg,- and later, Arent Ilendrikn/,. I.oef in Wecsp. In a list 
of town officers of Middleburg, in (ho Hixtuenth century, appear 
Simon Jacobse in Galissien, and Simon Jansz. van lioomen. 



A fourth class are those derived from OlTlcc, Occupation, or 
Condition; as. Abbot and I'Abbe, Deacon, (Jriiiiger, Page, Knight, 
Franklin and Freyhofer, Master of llio guild (Overman), the Head 
of the household (le Tiac), The arrioro-vasaal (Levava-sseur), Car- 
penter and Zimmermann, Cutler and Mc^HHorHchmidt, Cook, le Keux 
and dc Koch, Brewer, Brasseur and Brouwcr, Butler and Keller- 
mann, Thatcher and den Decker; Smithnon, Widowson, Masterson, 
Mac Master and dc Maistre, Son of tlic Abbot (Mac Nab, in Scot- 
land ; dell' Abbate, in Italy), Son of the I'urson (McPherson), Son 
of the Barber (del Barbiere), Son of tlio Tailor (del Sarto), Son of 
the Physician, or literally of the Pliysi(!iaii8 (de' Medici). 



The last class to which I shall horo allude is that derived from 
Signs and Arms. 

It was customary with the nobles to have their coats of arms 
cut in stone over the entrances of their caPtlos, and upon the fronts 
of their town residences ; and, when in strange towns, their shields 
were suspended over their hotels. And tho commoners imitated 
them so far as lay in iheir power ; often tho only difference con- 
sisting in the emblem of tho nobles being upon an escutcheon, which 
the plebeians could not use, Ai'ina not being allowed them. Many 



INTRODUCTION. 



XXI 



of these marks remain, and give names to the buildings, which, in 
Holland at least, are still often called by such names, and, I think, 
always described by them in bills of sale. 

In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries occur the names Nicho- 
las Jacob's son Kroonenburg in the Paradise (Klaas Jacob.z 
Kroonenburg in 't Pai-adijs), Peter Nicholas's son van Neck in the 
Emperor (Pieter Claesz. van Neck in de Keyser), Peter Law- 
rence's son in the Coek (Pieter Lourenz. in den Ilaan), Nicholas 
Heyn in the Arm (Claes Heyn in den Arm), Arthur Henry's son 
in the Key (Aart Ilendriksz. in den Sleutel), Adrian John's son in 
thp Claw (Adriaen Jansz. in de Klau). 

In the case of Simon Drake, a city officer of Middleburg in 
1575, the formation of the name is clearly shown ; for in one place 
he is called Simon John's .on Apothecary in the drake or dragon 
(Simon Jansz. Apothekar in den draek), and, in another, simi.Iy 
Simon Draek. 



it derived from 



• I think it is Marryatt who mentions a naval officer nickflamed 
Shave the wind, from his hatchet-shaped face. In the following 
list will be found a Cut the wind (Snijdewindt). 

Lovely day and Sunshine (Lievendag, Sonneschein), Present 
time and Unseasonable time (Nieuwentijt, Ontijd), Fair weather 
and Cool weather (Schonwetter, Kuhlwetter), Pouring rain and 
Fine rain (Slagregen, Stofregen), are Dutch and German names; 
and there is a French Good time and Old time (Bontemps, Vieux- 
temps). 

There are two famUies in France whose names consist each of 
a single letter,-© and Y. By contrast, the Dutch surnames 
Schmnnelpenninck and van Maarschalkerwaard appear ridiculously 
long; but they are on a par with the English Featherstonhaugh 
(once written de Featherstonehaugh), Cholmondeley (formerly de 
Cholmondeley), and Marjoribanks, and shorter by two syllables 

d 



xxu 



INTBODCCTION. 



than the Biscayan Znmalacarregni. Thistlethwayte is more diffi- 
cult of prominclalioii than any of them; Wttowaall, more perplex- 
ing to the orthographer ; and the Breton de Kergouniadec'h — i. e., 
of Manor of the man that fleeth not — has the most extraordinary 
signiiication. 

A noble Bavarian fiimily are called von Ow obcr und unter 
dem Berg; i. e., of Meadow above and under the Hill; and in Hol- 
land a branch of the house Sdiinimelpenninck van der Oijc is 
styled Willem Anne Baron Sdiinimelpenninck van der Oije tot 
beide de Pollen en Nijenbeek ; i. e., William Anne Baron Schim- 
melpenninck of the Oije to loth the Polls and NijenheeJc. 



I have endeavored to make my definitions as brief and as literal 
as possible ; rendering, for example, such English terminations as 
" ham," "ley," and "ton," by home, field, and town. Ham, Lee, and 
Towne being, however, surnames, by reference to them the entire 
meaning of the words will be seen. Holt, hout, wald, woud, etc., 
are simply translated wood ; as, Walcot, Wood cottage ; "Waldheira, 
Wood home ; which naturally imply, not wooden houses, but dwell- 
ings iu or by a wood or forest. Tre is defined town ; but, under the 
first Armoric : id Cornish names beginning therewith, all its differ- 
ent significations will be found. 

Wood alorio, and its equivalent Bush, occur as surnames in many 
languages. The latter, formerly Ai Bush or Atte Bush, is in other 
countries Busch, Busclikens, Inbuscii, Zumbusch, von dem Busch, 
ten Bosch, van den Bosch, q. v., Bosquet, du Boscage, Dubuysson, 
du Bois, del Bosco, del Bosque, and innumerable other forms ; 
while Wood or Holt is le Coad or Couad, Coit or Cooth, von Holtz, 
Wald, Aliout, q. v., ten Ilout, and van den Woude ; and the Ro- 
mance " gout," " gaut," or " gal," i. e., holt or toood, enters, I think, 
into the name of one of my South-Carolina friends, Manigault, an 
old Huguenot surname. Our Hill is the same as the Dutch and 
German Berg ; and, as iu England dwellers under a hill have been 



INTBODUCTION. 



XXIU 



surnamed Underbill, so also in Holland have they been called 
Onderbei'g, and in Germany Unterberg and Unterberger. In fact, 
there i,s hardly a name, no matter of what class or how .singular 
(do Kergournadec'h, q. v., only excepted), the counterpart of which 
cannot be found as an original name in some other country. 

When a word has various meanings, it is often a diificult matter 
to make a selection. As, for instance, the Anglo-Saxon words "win," 



' wme 



" u 



winn," and "wyn," signify Mor, and w/iat is gained by 
labor, conte,ntion, war, trouble; aho wine ; jileasure, joy ; a friend, 
one beloved, a man, etc. Therefore, when connected with field, as in 
the German name Winnefeld, I have rendered it battle or victory; 
because, as nearly every field is cultivated, field of labor would 
liardly be a distinctive name. Winslow is derived from the place, 
anciently Winneshlaw, eviuently Battle gravemound or tumulus ; 
Winstanley, a field marked by a stone or monument of victory; 
and, as the word wynburh signifies a pleasant city, Winthrop pro- 
bably means a pleasant thorp ; while Winton is simply the word 
wintun, i. e., loine-liouse or tavern. In the sense of friend, win 
appears in the name Alwin; i.e., Altogether beloved, — vi surname 
similar to the French Ame, the Dutch de Liefde, and the English 
Wellbeloved. Wine, Tht beloved, is a name of the ninth centaury. 
EadwiD, Prosperow in battle; ^thelwyn, iVoJ/e in battle, or The 
noble joy: Wynfreda, The peace of man, -are ulso Anglo-Saxon 
names. 



The surnames in this work have invariably been given as they 
have been found written, although not in all their forms; for names 
are often variously spelled, sometimes even by descendants of the 
same branch. 

One calls himself Brown ; another, Browne ; and a third, 
Broun. In Holland, the Whites are de Wit, de Witt, de Witte, 
and de With. In France, the name sometimes derived from -a 
dwelling near a spring is -iu Puy, du Puys, q. v., Dupui, ajid 



XXIV 



INTRODUCTION. 



Dupiiis ; in England, Atwell, Atwill, Twclls, Well, Welle, Welles, 
and Wells. The French surname Iluissel has been also written 
Buissel, Vissel, and Wissel ; and the Breton name Kergorhiy is 
likewise spelled Guergorlay, Quergorlay, Quergorle, etc. 

Lower mentions a document of the sixteenth century, in which 
four brothers, named Rugely, spell their names in as many different 
ways, and cites Dugdale as giving one hundred and thirty-one 
variations of the name Mainwaring. 

It win be observed, in the table of prefixes, that « de " means 
the in Dutch, but of in French. The is a common prefix in those 
languages ; as, de Bruijn, the Brown, le Blanc, the White. 

In Scotland and Ireland, the is a distinctive title borne by the 
heads of some old families ; as, The Chisholm, The 0' Conor Don, 
The O'Grady. 

The same name sometimes bears different prefixes; as, ten 
Brock and van den Broek. Such are distinct surnames. 

In Holland, " van " only occurs before local names : but, in 
Friesland, it often precedes patronymics ; as, van Eysinga, q. v. 
The German "von" is confined to the nobility, and prefixed to 
names of all the different classes ; as, von Eberstein, of Wild hoar's 
castle; von Hoffman, of Courtier; von Bretschneider, of Sawyer; 
von Voss, of Fox. 

And, lastly, I may remark that it must not be supposed that 
every Courtenay is lineally descended from King Pliaramond, nor 
every Percy from Geoffrey, companion of Rollo, nor every Grosve- 
nor from Gilbert le Grosvenor ; for vassals often adopted the names 
of their lords, and servants those of theii' masters ; while clansmen 
almost invariably took the names of their chiefs, considering them- 
selves as members of the same family, ,as they were by adop- 
tion, if not otherwise. Without this explanation, the statement 
(p. 20) that the Scottish Dicksons are one family would be simply 
absurd. 



INTRODUCTION. 



XXV 



The names contained in these pages have been taken from 
Ilcral.lical and Historical works and Directories in my own library, 
and likewise from the " Grosses Volistandiges Universal Lexicon^ 
Halle und Leipzig, 1732-50 " (in .sixty-four volumes, Iblio), and 
MoKEiii's « Grand Dictionnaire Ilistorique." I am also under some 
obligations to Lowkr's well-known "English Surnames," and to 
the learned work of Professor Pott, of Halle, but have endeavored 
not to encroach upon them, — not a very difficult task; for when 
it is taken into consideration, that, by the Report of the Registrar- 
General, there are in England alone nearly forty thousand different 
surnames, it will be evident that the field is a wide one. 

B. H. D. 



No. 1, Walnut Street, corner Beacon Street, 
January, 1857. 



i ii 



ABBREVIATIONS. 



Armoric. 

*^ Anglo-Norman. 

Cornish. 

Dutch and Flemish. 

®- • English. 

■* French. 

^^^^ Frisian. 

<-'eriiian: High and Low. 

^'^ Gothic, Old High Ger- 
man, etc. 

^ Irish. 

^* Italian. 

^- ^ New England. 

^•^ New York. 

• Romance. 


Scotch: GaelicandLow- 

land. 

^^ Old-Saxon and Anglo- 
Saxon. 

P • . Spanish. 



li 



'^'^viii AnnnEVUTiONS. 

IM Wclsli. 

""^ anciently. 

'!• ^ ((110(1 viilo : wliicli sec. 

*^^ county of Great llritaiii. 



I 



After a surname, the letters indieatc the eountry or people to 
wlii.'li it belongs ; after a won!, its language. 

Early forms of some names have been given ; as, Abcrcrombie, 
q. v., a surname derived from the parish anciently called Aber- 
cruinl)in ; Abingdon, q. v., derived from the town culled by tlin 
Anglo-Saxons Abbandun. When, however, these explanations arc 
preceded by "ane.," — as, A'Court (q. v.), anc. att Court; Audley 
(q. v.), anc. de Alditheley, — then old readings of the surnames 
must be understood. 

In a few cases, also, names have been first interpreted in their 
own language; .ds, Aartsen, ([. v., signifying in Dutcii Aarls zoon; 
Blackler, q. v., from the Anglo-Saxon " blac hleor , ' Caxenovo, 
derived from the words "casa nova," which are both Italian and 
Spanish. 

Y is not a Dutch letter, but, with the irregularity common in 
surnames, is often used in them instead of IJ. 

As letters with the German diajresis arc not contained in our 
founts of type, those miu'ks have been omitted. 



.ry or people to 



PREFIXES, POSTFIXES, ETC. 



A- (S.), ft (^. N.), At. (,.. A'Court ond u Beckett.) 
Attn dc, ann den, r.r.n lict (13.), At tli». 
A', .r Ap (B®.). tmo. Mai), .h>\. 
Am («K.), A;i dem, At the. («. nm Endo.) 
An (^S.^At; an der, aK //.». 

Ar (Sl.„ r;i«. («. Ar-Iaoiuinq.) Thcro Ih no word in this language answer- 
ing to "ofj" but tho niiiuo ar Koot, or ar Coat, is equivalent to the 
French du Bois, of the Wwiil. 
Auf (CSf.), At or in. {v. von Solmildt ntif Altcnstudt.) 
B- or da. di (Kt.), Of; dni, dull', do', dugll. dei, del, deir. della. of the. 
D' or de (jr.). Of; do 1', do la, du, (Ich, o/</,o. 
De (iB.), nc; den, ilAo or to tha ; dor, o/<A«. 
Be (a. NO. O/; del, de la, of the. 
De (Sp.), Of; del, do la, do las, do Ioh, of the. 
Detto («t.). Ca^;.rf.. e.g., A. Allogrl dctto U Corrcggio; Pletro Berrettini 

detto Pietro da Cortona. 
Bit (JP.). Ca«.rf; e.g.. Plcrro du Torrall dil Bayard; de Gand dit Vilain; 

Locquerelle (W le Kicho. 
Geb. (D. and «B.). Geboren. liurn. U«od generally by married women ; as. 
Graiin von Seinsheim, geb. Frciln von lluding , i. e., Counters von Seim- ' 
heim, born Lady von Hiding. 



XX1C 



PHEKIXKH, rOHTKIXES, ETC. 



Ocimiimil (D.)> fallml; e.g., vim Ilout gcnaaind Holler; van Nfukirihfn 

genaaiHil Nyveiihcim. 
Qonttiint (€?.), CalM ; c. g., Ottcnfelu r/enannl von Otch^^■illd ; von Scliiii p- 

fuiiatcin genantU Pfcil. 
Gczcgd (D.), Called; e.g., Douglas gescgd Schott; AyxJioU gezegd van dea 

BoHclie. 
Ilk, of that (S.), Of the tame. Used to donotu that the title is the same as 

the surname ; as, M'Leod of that ilk ; i. c, MuoLcod of MacLeod. 
Im (<!I5.), In dcm. In the. 
In (CS.), In; in der, in the, 
In't (D.), In hot. In the. (o. in't Veld.) 

L' or Ic (Jf .), The. Before the Arraoric names, Ic Lan, lo Run, etc., I con- 
ceive it to be a literal translation of Ar (q. v.) when du should have been 

used. 
Lo (Kt.), J'Ae. ( I'. Lo Bianco.) 
Mac, Mc, or M' (3. and K.), Son. 

N6o (JF.), Born ; c. g.. La Baronno do Mauclor nie Comtesse de Beroldingen. 
O' (K.), anc. Ui or I and Mix, Grandson, Descendant, 
Op (JD.), In or upon ; op de, op den, op dcr, op het, op ter, in or upon the. 
's (ID.), Dcs, Of the. (r. 's Oraauwen and van's Gravenswcert.) 
•t (JD.), Het, The. (!•. 't Ilocn, 't Hooft, and f Seraerts.) 
Te, toe, tot (B.), At or to; ten, ter, at, in, or to, or at, in, or to the, 
Thoc (jFrta.), At or to. («. van Ilarinxma thoe Sloten.) 
Van (B.), Of; van do, van dcr, van den, van het, van 't, of the. 
Van en tot (ID.), Of and in; e.g., van en tc' 'Toensbrock ; i. e., o/i/ocwa- 

brock, and possessor also of the lordship or domain of Iloensbroek, 
Von (<S.), Of; von dcr, von dera, of the. 
Von und zu (C5.), Of and in; von und zum, von und zur, of and in the. 

The same as Van en tot, q. v. 
Y (3p.), And. The Spaniards often bear the names of both parents ; as, del 

Rio y Ayala ; but, when the mother's is the best family, the father's nme 

is frequently dropped entirely. 
Zu (CI5.)> I'h at, on, by; zu der, at or in the; zum, /or zu dem; z\il,for 

zu der, at or in the. 



I'HEPIXKH, POHTKIXKS, KTC. 



xxxi 



Kx.rapl«i of all tho above prolix™ will bo found heroin. On the conti- 
..ont of lOuropo. they arc gcncroUy commenced with a .mall letter, e«cpt 



whew joined to tlio name. 



sc de Dcroldingon. 



ur, of and in the. 



In tho name. Angove, Atcomb, Attoveld, Aubrebi,. Bydalo, Bylcork. do 
Controgli.,0. Har«couot, Ondorberg. Overbcke, Qucrfeld. Surtee.. Uiberacker 
Uitonhagon. Umbach, UndorhiU. Unterberg. Verbeek, etc.. preflxc. will also 
bo noticed. 

Tho preflxe. to the Armoric names are generally French. Observe tho 
remark under " L' or le," above. 



zu dem ; zux, fot 



rnii 



SURNAMES. 



A. 

AA, van der (O.), of the Aa. There are several rivers called Aa 
111 Holland. "Auua," in the old Saxon, "aj," «a,a," «ea," or 
"ie," in the Anglo-Saxon, signifies rimmnff water, a river a 
stream, wafer, (i,. van der Ee.) ' 

AARTSEN (B.), Aarts zoon, Aart's son, or Arthurson. 

ABADAM (U).),AD.ursoN((!E.),.V.«o/^rfa„. Av^,,s, Adam's, 
or of Adam. These have all the same signification ; but in the 

AT,n"fn!r '''" *'" '' '^'^P''^'^^^'^' ^^1"1« '» the last it is understood. 
ABBATE dell' (3t.),o/./.^^J.,,. i.e., son of tke Mht. Abb£. 1' 

{i:), the Ahhot. AiiHT (©.), Abhot. 
ABBEMA (i^ris.), Ahhe\ or of Ahhe ; i.e., sor, of Abbe. 
ABEELE, van den (CU.), of the Aspon-tree. 
ABERCROMBIE (S.), Abererumbin, Ccnflu. of the windtr., 
stream. Abar, a confluence, mouth of a river; marsh, bog. 
Abernethy, Mouth of the Nethin. 
ABINGDON (e), Abbandun, Abbot's down or hill 
ABKOUDE, van (EJ.), of Abeoude. In a record of the year 1085 

the place is called Abekenwalde ; i. e., Abeke's wood. 
ACIITERKIRCHEN (©.), Behind chureh. (v. Uytkerke ) 
AGHTHOVEN m.), Ei.ht farms. Ac„„LoL, ^hteen 
farms. ^ I presume that the "hoven" in these surname's is a 
corruption of "hoeven," farms. If „ot, however, they are 
Jiighi courts and Eighteen courts. 

I 



ACKERMAN (e), Ackeumann (©.), Akkkkman {m.), Farmer, 

ACKROYD ((g.), Oak amirt. (r. vim lJ«rkenrode.) 

A'COURT ((!?.) anc. att Court, Af (\,i,i.. 

ACQUAVIVA (Jt.), SprhH,.w„ii',: 

ACQUILA, cl(.ll' (3t.), of the /%/«. (,.. ,1,, Ag.iilar and Arend.) 

ACRES de I'Aijile, des {£.), of llm Acres of the Eagle. There is 

a place called I'Aigle in Nornmiidy. 
ACTON ((£.), Oak-town. (v. Town.'.) 
ADELMANN von AdelnmnsfeMen (t«»).), WoUeman of Nobleman's 

fields. 
ADRIAANSZ (O.), -Adrian's son. 

JEBIISSGA (i^ris.), Eabe or Jiebe't son or descendant. This ter- 
mination in a resembles tlio Anglo-Saxon plural; but Frisian 

plurals end in ar. (v, Suringiir.) 
AGNEAUX, d' (J:.), of Lambs. Amin : Az. three lambs ar. 
AGNEW (0.), Lamb. A liiniily of French extraction. 
AGNOLO, d' (iJt.), ofAnffel. Anoic, ,1o 1' {£.), of the Angel 
AGUILAR, de (S|J.), of Eagle. Armn: Or, an eagle sa. 
AHOUT (D.), Aan't hout, At the wood. (v. Awater.) 
AIKENHEAD {<£.), Head of the oaks. {v. Herkenhead.) 
AINSWORTII (©.), Ains' or Ainulph's farm or manor. 
AISNE, r {£.), the Elder or Eldest. 
AIX, des, or Zaix, do {£.), of the Waters. Gen. Desaix was of 

this Aiivergne family. 
ALBADA (i'ris.), Ulbe's, or of Ulbe ,• or perhaps Albe's, if there 

was such a Frisian name, which in not improbable, Albau being 

a Saxon name. 
ALDEKAMP (EI.), Oldfeld. Aldknifovkn, Old farms. 
ALFIERI (3t.), Ensign, Standard-bearer, {v. Iloofdman.) 
ALLAN, Allen, Alleyne, or Alwyn (ffi,), All-beloved. 
ALLEMAN, d' {£.), of Germany. 
ALLERTON (©.), Alder-tree town. 
ALLGOOD ((£.), All good. Ai/ntui;, All true. 
ALLIBONE (^a. 351.?), All good} Tho name Johannis Allibon 

appears in a list of the gentry oi' co. Derby in 1 433. {v. Allgood 

and Bonefelow.) 



Hit 



3 



n of NoblemarHs 



Dcsaix was of 



ALMONDE, van (D.), of Almmonde ; i. c. Mouth of the Aim 
ALTEN-FRAUENBERG, von unci .u (©.), of and in Old Mil 
ofFrea or Freya, or Old Mil of Our Lady, — the Virgin Mary, 
— or Old woman's Mil. Frea was wife of Odin; Freya, the' 
Goddess of Love. 

ALTMANN (©.), Old man. Altmullek, Old miller. Alt- 
VAnEij, Grandfather, i^v. den Ouden and Vader.) 

ALVENSLEBEN, von ((p.), of Almn's dwelling. "Leben," in 
this case, resembles the Ei-Jisli tenn for a clergyman's benefice. 
living. 

AMADUZZI (Ji.), Sons ofAmo.deus; i. e., Zot-er of God. 
AMBACII (©.), At the brook. Amuron, At the spring. Amfukt, 

At the ford. Amtuou, At the gate. 
AMBAGTSHEER (JU.), Lord of the manor. 
AMBROSINI (M.), Sons of Ambrose, ■ i.e.. Immortal. 
AME de St. Didier (£.), The well-beloved of St. Didier 
AMERSFOORT, van (D.), of Amersfoort, a town called in early 

records Ilemesfurt and Emesfurt; i. e., Bern's ford. 
AMESZ (O,), Nome's son. Ammo (i^ris.), nurse. 
AMORY ((P.), Ajialareiks (©o.), Valiant and diligent ruler? 
Araaler, a valiant, painstaUiig hero. Amalareiks, or Amala- 
rich, became, in the course of time, Amalric, Almaric, Amaury, 
and Aimery; and from these sprang the surnames Amory 
Damery, Damer, &c. {v. Emmery.) ' 

AN-DER-ALLMEND (©.), At or On the Common. Andkr- 
MATT, At the meadow. Anlaup, At current or stream. An- 
SCHUTZ, At guard, bank, dike, or fence. 
ANGOVE or Angowe (d.). The smith, (v. le GoflF.) 
ANKERSMIT (JU.), Anchor-smith. 
ANxNESLEY (e), Anne's field, (v. Audley.) 
ANNIBALDESCHI (Jt.), Sons of Hannibal. 
ANSTRUTHER (S.), The marsh or swamp ? 
AOT, de r (a.), of the Bank or Shore. 

AP EVAxN and Bevan (!».), Son of Evan or John. Ap Hauky 
Barry, and Pa:-ry, Son of Harry. Ap Rice and Price, SoL 
oj Jitce, q. v. 



ArLF/niEE (li.), Apple-tree. Ait,ktuksi-nd, End of the Apple- 
trees. Ai-i'i.iiiy, jipple or Fruit ilwclliiif/. Ai-i-i.icoaktii, 
Orchard. Aiti.;lman (EJ.), Apple-dealer, Fruiterer. 
APPLETON ((g.), Orchard. .loiix Appleton, of co. Suffolk, 
gonl., (lied ill MM. From him sprang Samikl Aim-lkton, 
who emigrated to Now Engluiul in lO.'io, iin.l wiis ancestor of 
tlie Hon. Nathan Ai>plkto\, Member of Congress, and the 
Hon. William Applkton, M.Q. 
ARBUTHNOT (S.), Aborbntlienotli, Conf'tx of the stream hj the 

house, hut, or bothie. 
ARCULAUrjS (N.n.), Cabinet-maker. A Latin word. 
AREXD (D.), Eagle. Auenspoot, Eagle's foot. 
AR-IAOIIANQ (01.), The young, {v. le Jeune, de Jong, and Jung.) 
ARK]-:L, van (?3.), of Arkel. A family named in the old proverb, 
" 15re<lcrodc the noblest, Wassenaar the oldest, Egmond the 
richest, and Arkel the boldest," of the nobles of Holland. The 
lands, it is said, derived their name from a Roman temple dedi- 
cated to Erkel or Ereol (Sax.), Hercules. 
ARKWHIGHT ((£.), Meal-chest maker. 

ARNnEM,van {W.),ofArnhem; i.K.,Aam'shome. (v. v. d. Heim.) 
ARRIVABENE (Jt.), Well ov Happily arrived. 
ARTZT (©,), Physician, Leech. 

ASHBURNHAM ((g.), Ash-river home. Asiiiiuust, Ash grove. 
Ashley, Ashfeld. Asuton and Aston, Ash down or hill, 
if derived from Aston, anc. iEcesdun, Berks; but Hurst town if 
from Aston, anc. Estone, co. Warwick. There are, however, 
more than sixty ]ilaces in England called Aston or Ashton, most 
of which were undoubtedly named from the ash-tree ; for, accord- 
ing to the Eddaic mythology, the first man was made of and 
called Askur, Ash,— a belief similar to that of the Greeks, 
who held that Zeus created men from ash-trees. 
ASPINALL or Aspinwall ((£.), Aspen-tree hall. 
ASTLEY ((£.), Estley, Hurst field, {v. Ashton.) 
ATCOI.IB ((£.), At valley. Atfokd, At ford. Atiioupe, At 
village. Athowe, At hill. Atsea, At sea. Atte church. 
At the church. Attenborough, At the borough. Attye, 



Attcneyo, At the ulnnd. Atwateu, At water. Atwood 
At wood. ' 

ATHELSTOX ((g.), .'I.:il,ols(«n, The nolle rocL 

ATKINS (©.), AtJdn:s or ,>fAtkin; i. o, Z.We J//y or Arthiu: 

Atkinson, .Son of AtMn. 
ATTEVELD (C), Aan't void, At the field. 
AUnEl'IN, ,!(. 1' (J^), of the Hmvthorn. 
AUHIIEBIS ,1c St. Mure {£.), At or Of the sheep of St. Mark 

AuMAisTUK dos Fernoaux, J< or Of the master of Femeaux. 

Auxcout,:aux, 0/or With the haves; and ti.ey carry tl.reo 

knives in tlioir Arms. 

AUCIIINLECK {Q.), Field ov Graves of flagstones'^ 
AUCIITERLONY or Ochu-rlony (S.)," Jkight of the marsh or 
meadoio. Uachdar, summit, upper part. 

AUDLEY (©.), ane. .le Aldithdey. Aldith or A'c/tV//'s field 

AUEIiSlJEUG, von (©.), 0/ 7?/.o;.'. mount. 

AUHAGEN (©.)> J^earfo,« or Brook hedge. 

AURIOL, d' (i-.), of Oriole; and they bear one in tl.eir Ann. 

A WATER (D.), Aan't water, At the water, {v. Toe Water.) 

AYLMER (®.), Adaljiau (©o.), i?e«o.6»«erf mce. Adal, race 
family. ' 



B. 

BAAS, de (JU.), if^e Master-ioorkman. 

BACH(to.and€.),Z/«/.. Bach (©.), ^rco^-. (t'. Beck, Beek, 
and Zumbacli.) 

BACKER (©.), Barker (SD.), Baxtku (S.), Baker. 

BADGER (©.), />,,//«,, Cbr„-/ac<«r; al»o the animal called like- 
wise a " baud," a « brock," and a « gray " 

BAILEY (©.), Bailiff, Steivard. 

BAIN (S.), White, Pale, Fair, Fairhaired. {v. le Cann ) 

BARENESS, van (P.), of Bakeness ; i.e., Beacon cape or pro- 
montory, 

BALCH (U).), Arrogant, Haughty, Proud. 



6 



BALDE (©.), Bold. Baldwin (C), Bold in hattlc. (v. Forti- 
guerra.) 

BAMPFYLDE ((P.), Wood-feld. Beam, a tree. 

BANCROFT (([?.), Croft or Field by river or mnd bank 

BARCLAY (S.), Birchjield. {v. Berkeley.) 

BARFUSS, von (©.), of Barefoot, as Count von Barfuss, of 
Prussia, exj-lains it ; for ho carries tliree bare feet in his Arms. 

BARING ((5.), Bear's son. Barnard (©.), Berniiard (©,), 
Bkunaiid (J^), Bear's nature; i. e., Bold as a bear. 

BARKER (G;.), Tanner. Baukiia:,i, Birch home. (v. Berkeley.) 

BARLEBEN, von (©.), of Bear's living or divellimj-place. 

BARSTOAV ((P.), Barley place or dwelling. " Bere " signifies 
both i«r% and bear. Wlien connected with -'croft," "ham," 
« stow," " worth," etc., it appears to bo for barley; a a corn-farm 
was called « berctop," and " berewic," whence Barton, q. v., 

Berwick: but with '.' ford," and « wash," iear's may be meant. ' 
BART, le (Ql.), the Bard. 

BARTON {^.), Barred ov Fenced town, Manor ; also Com farm 

or village, {v. Barstow.) 
BASSET (QV. Jf.), dim. of Bas, Short, {v. le Bihan and le Court.) , 
BATCHELOR ((£.), Bachelor, Knight. Knights bachelor were 

those who did not possess four "bachelles" of land, the amount 

requisite to display a banner. 
BATES ((£.), Bate's or Bartholomeio's. {v. Abadam.) 
BAUER and Bauermann (©.), Peasant, Fanner. Bauernfeind, 

Boor's enemy, (v. La idschaden.) 
BAUMGARTNER (©.), Arborist. Baumhauer, von, of Wood- 

cutter. Baumlein, dim. of Baum, Tree. 
BAYARD (£.), Broivn-complexioned. Pierre du Terrail dit 

Bayard probably received his name from his complexion; but 

in Romance « bayard" signifies spectator or gazer, curious, eager, 

attentive, 
BEANSIIOP ((E.), Bean-shop. 
BEARCROFT ((£.), Barley-field. (v. Barstow.) 
BEAUCHATEAU, de (£.), of Handsome castle. Beaucobps, 

de, of Handsome body. Beauharnais, de, of Fine armor. 



BEAUFOY (%. J(r.), anc. de B.lla fago, Fine heach-tree. Bfau- 

» PEUE, Friar or Priest. Such is the probable signification of 

the name B.-aupere of Cornwall. I„ France it would ^^.^s 

signify Father-in-laio. JJic.vushin, Fine shin ? (t: Brown^hin ^ 

BEAWPELL a. N.), B,.:...Poi. (£.), Fine leard. '^ 

BLC, du {£.), of the Point of land. 

BEC-DE-Lli:VRE, de (i^.), of Harelip. (.. Roccaf.rri.) 
BECK (©. and U.), Brook. BrccorAx.v (©.), BrooJcman. 
BECKETT, A ((g.), at Little hrooh. {v. Bach.) 
BEDLOW ((P.), Beadlow, Battle-moiiudl There is a place called 
Beadlow in Beds. A branch of this family appear to have 
removed to Holland, where Arms were granted to them by a 
Prince of Orange. 

Among the earliest Dutch settlers of New York was Isaac 
Bedloo, of Amsterdam, father of the first white child born in 
what IS now the city of New York, and ancestor of IIi-xuv 
B..n,i.o.v Esq., of Newport, R.I. Godfrey Bidloo, Physician 
to Kmg WdliaTn III., and Isaac Bedloo, above named, were of 
the same family. 

BEECHER (©.), Dweller near the beech-trees, or on the beach. 
BLEK, op ter (EI.), at the Brook. Bkkk.uan, Brooh-man. 
BEER, de (13.), the Bear or Boar. Beerkxbuug and Beeresteyn 
■ Jears^ or Boars^ castle. Bkerekamp, Bear or Boar field. ' 
BEGEER (m.), Desire. 

BELBEUF, de (S.), of Fine dwell.ng. (v. de Criquebeuf.) 
Belcastel, de, of Fine castle. Leuiommk, Handsome man. 

TIE? IrvTw-^' fr""'"''"' ""■ " ^"'^'=«^''^-> de, of Fine street. 
BELKNAP a. 3^.), Bel knape. Fair page. (v. Bonvarlet ) 
BENTINCK (O.), Bente's son. ^^ 

BENVICINI (3t.), Goo>' neighbors or citizens, or Sons of the good 

citizen, (v. dei Buonaguidi.) 
BERENDSOHN (©.), Son of Barnard, q. v. 
BERESFORD ((£.), Dear's ford. Bkkeua., Barleg-home. 
BEEUWAsin.:, Bear's marsh, bog, fen, or track through a wood 
BEEUWOOD, Bear's wood, if „ot synonymous with « wealdbero," 



'I; S 



;iiii 11 



iiiiiii 



1 1 



8 



a forest supplying mast for fattening pigs. 



bearing wood; i. a,. 

(v. IJarstow.) 
BI<:ilG (D. and (5.), ff'% Mount. Bi:ur,i:x, van (D.). of Bergen 

or Mons; i. o., J/ilh. JJicuoKNOAiir., Ilill and valley. 
BERGEll (i^.), Shepherd. Bkugeu (©.)> Mountaineer. 
I5EUGLEIN ((5.), dim. of Berg. 

liEIlKELEY ((£.), JSirch-f eld. Bf.rkeniiead, ITead of the lurches. 
BERKENRODE, v ,i (D.), of lierkenrode ; i.e., Birch assart. 

{r. Aclvi-oyd, 0- ncrod, von Rode, des Essarts, Ilerckenratli, 

Nosselrath, and Pfafferott.) 
B'ERRY ((If.), Grove, Shady place, Borough. 
BEVERE, van (JD.)> of Beaver. Bevervoorden, van, of Beaver- 
fords. Bv.\Kn\fijK, Beaver-quarter. Beverlky ((£.), ^eawer- 
field. 

BIANCO, Lo (3t.) The White. Bianchi and Bianchini, Whites 

or Sons of Bianco, {y. Biancliard.) 
BIDEMBACII (©.), By the hrook. Biedemweg, By the road. 
BIE, do (?D.), of Bie, in Ilainault (v. By), or the Bee. They carry 

bees in tlieir Awns. 
BIENFAIT {£.), Comely, Handsome, (v. Ilubsch.) 
BIERIIAUS (©.), Beer-house, {v. Dunnebier and Gutbier.) 
BIGELOW (N. (E.). Baguley ((Jr.), Corner, Brook or Back 
feld? Byga, a corner; bajc or bee, brook; bajc, back. John 
Biggely or BiGELOw, of "Watertovvn in 1642, was the son of 
Randle Baguley, of co. Suffollv. 
BIGGAR (S.), Bigger ((£.), Builder. 
BIGOT, Bihot, Vigot, Wigot, or Wihot, le (2.. N.), Bigod or 

Bigot (GE.), Me Visigoth. 
BIIIAN, le {'K.), the Little, (v. Vaiighan and le Court.) 
BILLARDERIE, de la (S.), of the Billiard-room. 
BLAAUW (m.), Blue. Blaauwvoet, Lanner-hawk; lit. Blue 
foot. Blaaavbeen, Blue leg. Blaeowemiaen, Blue hen. 
Blauboer, Blue farmer. TU.aurock ((©.), Blue coat. 
BLACKBURN ((£.), Black b. ,k. Blackden, Black valley. 
Blacklock, Black hair, lake or canal-lock. Blackmore, 
Black moor or hill. 



I' i I 



9 



BLACKLER (®.), lilac hlcor, Palcfaccl Fair. 
BLAKE (e.), Pale. WuKsic so hhu-a, Wuf/sic the pale, was un 
Aiiglo-Siixon ;iiime. {v. Bleecker.) 

BLANCIIARDCeandi^.), White-compkxioned. Blancitestb 
{£.), While head. Bi.ancke m. and (&.), White 

BLANKENHYL (R), Bright axe. Blankknskic, von (©.) of 
White lake. * \ n j 

BLEPX'KER (ID.), Bleacher. Bleekrode, Pah red or Beach. 

er\ assart i {v. van Berkenrode.) 
BLEIBIMIIAUS (©.), Stay in the house. BLEinxuEf, Remain 

true or faithful, {v. Bydgoode). 
BLOEM (O.), Floiver. Bloembekgen, Floxver hills 
BLUMENRODER (©.), Z,^,//,, i„ ,j,,ji^^^^ ^^^^^^_ j^^^^^^^.^ 

TiiAL, Flower dale. , 

BLY, de (ID.), </'e /fa/>;,y or CAefr/«A {v. I'lleureux.) 
BOCCAFERRI (3t.), 7.««-,„«„^/.. (,, de Boc-de-Lievre.) 
BOEKIIORST (!D.), Beech wood or grove. 
BOER, de (JD.), the Boor. BoEniiAAVE, Farm-house. 
BCEUF, le (i^.), <Ae Ox; also ^/.« 7i«oJ_y or Blockhead, (v. de 

Touchebojuf, Os, and de Belbeuf.) 
BOGAARD, van den (ID.), of the Orchard, (v. Apple-arth ) 
BOIS-DE-LA-MOTTE, de {£.), of Forest of the Caslle or Ml. 

lock. Bois-LE-IIoux, de, of Holly-wood. 
BOIVIN (i%), Drink wine. {v. Drinkwater.) 
BOxNAPARTE (Jt.), anc. di Buonaparte, Good birth, party, or 
,ae(wn; or Good parts of chara. ter, body, or land. (v. dei 
Buonaguidi.) 
BONEBAKKER (JD.), Bean-baker, {v. Boon ) 
BONEFELOW (21. N.), GoodfMow. (v. Belknap.) 
BONJOUR, (S.), Good-day. Box...KaiK, de, of Good v^arket. 

(^.Goedkoop.) BONVAHLET, C?00a>«^e. BONVOULOIB, de, 

of Good intent. Bontfant, Good child. 
BONTECOU (N. e), BoNTEKOE (JD.), Brindled cow. (v Koe ) 
BoNTEKONiNG, ParUj-colored, pied, or spotted king? Bonte- 
MANTEL, Fur cloak. 

BOON (ID.), Bean. Boonzaier, Bean-sower, (v. Boncbakker.) 

2 






10 



BORDMAN ((£.), Jhnhunn. 15„nln.(.n wtT,- farnuTs l.ol.ling 
bonl.s or ootla-es, aiul j.ayinfr n.nt in kind. Jiuui,ANi), liord- 
litiid, or hind lenanled by bordnicn. 
liOIU;j:H (iS.), .]r,mc,/.lvHder, or Ihiniher. 

BOUGNE, lo (i^.). '/"• ''>/" ''//'v/. (,.. IJrnijnoogo and Lncpoo-.) " 
lU)8CiI, van ihn {U.), liosQui;, del (Sp.). Ho«co, dcd (it.), 

BusciiK, von dcni (^5,), JJnssox, dii (i^.), of tlw Bnsh. 
BOST(JN (Of.), y/.^,./yV,'.v or /yo^'*. town. A.s a surname, it is not 
very fonnn,.n in England; but it gives ii tiilo to the fan.ily of 
Ii'by, Barons Boston. In the Boston (Mass.) Directory for 
185G, there are three of the name. 
B0TTIN(;A or IJotnia (i^ris.), Jiotte's son. 
BOUJ/rON ((£.), Home or Hall town. The rebus to the name is 
a crossbow Ut in a tiu>. It is borne by the Bouhons of Moul- 
ton and of Toronto as tlieir crest. 

Hknry Bol'lton, of Moulton, co. Lincoln, Esq. (v. Burke's 
"Landed Gentry"), had issue, Henry, D'Arcy, and George.— 
The second son, 

Hon. D'AucY BouLTON, Judge of the King's Bench, m. 
Elizabeth, dau. and co-heir of Mr. Serjeant James Forster 
(Serjeant-at-Law), by Susannah, his wife, dau. of Sir John 

Strange, Master of the Rolls, and settled in Toronto, C.W 

His eldest son, 

D'Akct Boulton, of Toronto, Master in Chancery, m. 
Sarah, dau. of Christopher Robinson, Esq., and sister of Sir 
John B. Robinson, Bart., Chief Justice of Canada West; and, 
dyuig in 184G, was succeeded by his eldest son, 

William Hexry Boclton, Mayor of Toronto, and Mem- 
ber Provincial Parliament, who m. Harriette Elizabeth Mann, 
only dau. of Thomas Dixon, K.N.L, K.L., of Boston, Mass. 
BOURBLAxNC, du (i^), ./ the White burgh. Bourgnkup, de, 
of New hurgh. 

BOURGCAMUS, or bourg Camus, le {£.), the Flat-nosed bastard. 
BouRG DK Champagne, le, the Bastard of Champagne. These 
are names of the fourteenth century, when this appellation 
was hardly considered disgraceful ; for in 1380 the war-cry of 



n 



the Hare of FliinilnfM « «. . i 

;-■:;-'»■' A:::r ,:::::;::,-::;',..;:::: 

for the Lion, Fla,..l,.,N |i„. (|„. Ii,,.tnnl f . . ^ ''""''-■'•a 

II" iiastiiKi; iiiid, oar cr still ilm 

I30UISL,de,a(i^.).'>/MW...... Anns: TuJ^urso. I„ one 

of the market.s,,u,u-c. oC Hn.gc. was an old „,a„sion b.i t T" 
a inembcT of tlii.s famiiv will, n • a '•'"•■"on "Wilt by 

portal Tl.i. . ""■ '^'''"' """"•'■'^'•^^l «ver the 

ir:t„l':;:;:;;::t:;:;;;;:"-"-.-o,.,..r 

BOVELANDEU (O.), fr,>tun.kr. 
BOIS (e), ane. do Hois, »^,„,/, /,'„,,,,, -* 

BRAU.Y (C5.), /y..... (.. H,,,.,n ,„„, ,,; j3,.„, 

BRAl (e and €.), «///; /////, ;,/„„,,. ^ 

BRAZ, le (01.), M« 6^,«„< or Fut. f,. k- Grand and 1. T x 

BRINK, ten (CD.), «< th, JUIM. (r. ,hi Tt-rfre ^ 

2.r » f!''' '" "" '"'"■'''' '^"'' ^ ^"'- B'-k also 
a.gn,Bo, W«,/,»., „„a „,„ f„„„, „f ^bbenbroek (i.e.. 



I 



12 



Ahle's marsh) cnrry a pair In their Arms ! — a most absurd 

spocimon of canting Arms. 
BHONKMOHST {J^.), Fomttnin-wnod. (r. QuolHiorst.) 
BROOMFIELD (©.), FiM of broom, heath, or honther. 
BROWN, Broun, Bruno, or Bruin ((g.), Broim haired or com- 

plexloned ; Jhirn or linwk ; also lieorii or Bear. As tlie bear 

was i<ing of tlie northern forests, liis name was used [)rineii)ally 

by poels to sifjnify chief, noble, prince, king. {v. de Bruin and 

Osborn.) V,HO\ym.%\i\V(m, Jirook-meadow. (r. How.) BnowN- 

sni.v, Brown shin. (v. Beawsliin.) Brownsovku, Burn side. 

Brook bank. 
BRUGGHEN, van der (CI.), of the Bridges. Bkuogknkate, ten, 

at the Bridge-post. Buioman, Bridgeman, Tollman, 
JmUIN, Bruno, or Bruijn, de (D.), Buun, le {£.), the Brown. 

BuuNKLLKsciH Ql.), SoHS of Broivn. Bruijnoogk (D.), 

Brown eyes. (v. Braun.) 
BRUNN (©.), Well, Spring, (v. Ambron.) 
BUCKLAND ((S.), Bookland; i.e., Freehold land, or Sta^s or 

Beech land. 
BUIK (D.), Belly, (v. Rumi)flr.) 
BUONAGUIDI dei (3U). of the .Siins of the good Guy, or of the 

Good guides. Buonamici, Sons of the good friend. BuON- 

COMPAGNI, Sons of the good companion. Buondklmonti, 

Good (man) of the hills, or Sons of the good (man) of the hills. 

BuoNiNTENDi, Good intentions, or Sons of the good steward. 

BuoNTALENTi, Good talenfs, or .Sons of the tainted, (v. Benvi- 

cini and Bonaparh .) 
BUREN, van (E).), of Buren; i.e., divellings (bur, 0ajf., dwell- 

*"5')) — a town in Gelderland, which has given a name to a 

President of the United States. Burlage, Ihvelling hollow, 

Low place of the dwelling f 
BURG, van den (B.), of the Castle, Burg, or Borough. Burgher, 

Citizen. 
BURNHAM ((£.), Brook home. (v. Brown.) 
BUSCHKENS (©.), dim. of Busch, Bush. (v. van den Bosch.) 
BUTEVISCII (®.), Flounder, (i . le Goujon and Stokvis.) 



13 



noat nbsurd 



BY ((g.) Dwelling, ITahitation. {v. Colbj and Silsbeo.) 
HVDALK (®.), By dale. Byfield, By JiM. IhhLEKT, By 

strmm. lirTiiKSKA, Ity the sea. JJywatku, By water. 
BYIXiOODE ((£.), Abide, i„o,l. {v. IMvibtrcu.) 
BYKULEY ((£.)» t'ield near hyar or row-hnme, 
BI.IKERK (D ^, JUjKmon (©.). By church. BurosT (D.), iSj^ 

/J««^ (v. Iii(lcru!)(ifli 1111(1 do Contreglise.) 
BIJLEVELI) (D.), Bilo'sfeld. 
BIJLSMIT (O.), Axe-mith. (v. Isensclimidt.) 



NKATE, ten, 



c. 

CADAJIOSTO, da (Jt.), "/ Family of Mosto. Casa, house, family. 
CALDAS, Pereyr^. y Castro, de (Sp.)- of Hot-springs, Pear-tree, 
and Castle. 

CALHOUN (N. ©.), CoLQuiiON (0.). /fazel-/ree dwelling? The 
lands of Colquhon wore granted ' , Alexander II. to Umplirud 
de Kilpatrick, wliose son wii; tyled Ingeb-am de Colqulion, 

CA]\I (^.), Gam (tU.). Crump or Crooked, (v. Crombeen.) 

CAMEI, dei (Jt.), of the Ca:,eos. 

CAMERON i^.), Crooked. ^Y Hooked nose. Campbell, Wrymouth. 

CAMMINGA (i^ris.). fliu-. Kempinga, Ketnpe's son. 

CAMPO y Camara. del (Sp.), (/ the Field and Chamber. 

CAMPOBASSO (Jt.), Low field, {v. des Champs and van 
Kampen.) 

CAMSTRA, van (i^ris.), of Field-place ? The termination « .-^ter," 
" stera," or " stra," I conceive to be a corruption of " stede," 
"staate" (pron. "stader," "starter"), a stead, estate, or posses- 
sion, (v. Dijkstra, Grustera, Hamerster, Ileemstra, Hoekstra, 
Terpstra.) 
CAMUS, le (£.), the Flat nose. (v. Cameron and Cochran.) 
CANABER, le (!a.), the Goldfinch, (y. Stieglitz.) 
CANN, le C^.), the White, (y. le Gwen.) Cancoet, de, of 



u 



WM(e wood ? « Kann," white, brilliant ; « kan," canal, current 
of water ; iilso a soug. 

CANNEGIETER {u'), Can ov Tankard founder. (.. Zurkanne.) 

CANTALAMESSA (Jt.), Sing the mass. 

CAPEL (ffi.), Chapel ov Cloak. Capel is aJso old EnglisI, for a 
horse. In the Roman de Ron, mention is made of an Iwan al 
Chapel, elsewhere called Eudo cum Cappello, Eudo with the 
Cloak or Cowl. 

CAPELLE (D.), Chapel. Capellen, van der, of the Chapels. 
CAIELLI (Jt.), irats; and the Capelli family of Venice carry 
a hat in their Arms. {v. Sjutshuth.) 

CAPULETTI, de' (Jt.), of the Capulets ; i. e., Sons of Capo, 
Head, Chief? '' ^ ' 

CAREW (C), Caer wy, Castle on the water (v. Carr) ; or Carw 
wy, Stag's water. 

CARGOUET, de C^.), of Stag's wood. Karo, karv, stag. 
CARPONT, de (X), of Arcade or Bridge-arch ; i.e., arch of a 
stone bridge. 

CARR ((g. and S.), lioek, Hollow place or Marsh, Wood or Grove 
Car or ker, stout. Caer (Qldtic), citg, castle, place surrounded 
oy a wall. 

CARREAUX, Massif des {£.), Masonry-icork of the Squares? 

Arms : A wall embattled ar., masoned sa. {v. Quarre ) 
CARREG (C), Stone, (v. le Roc'h.) Cartiievv, Caer dew 
Black castle ? Carveutii, Bush castle ? ' 

GARY ((!f.), Castle, but sometimes a corruption of Carew, q. v 
Caer is pron., in Cornish, " cerry," "carry," or "cary." AdIm de 
Karry was living in co. Somerset in 1198, and John Carew 
or Cauy, of the same co., emigrated to N. E. circa 1G37. 
CASAS, de las (Sp.), of the Bouses, (u. Cazenove.) 
C ASTELLO, di (Jt.), of Castle. Castelletto, del, of the Little 
castle. Castelcicala, Cricket's cattle. Castelnovo, Mw 
castle. Castelnau, and Castelnouvel, de (£.), of Mtvcastle. 
Castillejo, de (Sp.), ofLMe castle, (v. du Chastel and van' 
de Kasteele.) 
CATE, ten (HI.), at the Bridge or Wharf post. 



15 

CATS met dc Zwarte Katte (D.), Cats with the Black Cat. Arms • 
• A black cat on a gold sl.icld. Thl. Zeeland family became ex- 

tmct about a century since. 
CAYLEY ((E.), Sheepcot ? Caile (H.), sheepfold. The Hon. 

William Cavlkv, of Toronto, C.W., Inspector-General, traces 

iHs descent from the lords of Caillie, now Cailly, in Normandy, 

who accompanied the Conqueror. 

ruf^n'''' ^^-"^-^^ '^"'""^'•'^' (3t.or0p.), Neu, house. 
CHADBORN ((g.), Chad's hrooL CiiAmviCK Chad^. dwellina 
CHAMPERNOWNE (e), anc. de Campo An'ndphi and CW 

CHARBON, (J^.), Cba/. Ciiahron, Cartwright 
CIIARDON dc la Roehette (i^.), T'/./../^ 0/ ./. Z.V./e rod. 
CllAbE ((£.), PnWe hunting-ground; also JFooc/, Jfbm<. 
CHASSELOUP (i^0, Wolf-hunter. 
CIIASTEIGNER de la Chasteigneraye, de (i^.), ./ Chestnut-tree 

of the Chestnut-tree plot. 
CIIASTEL, du {£.), of the Castle. Ciiastellet, du, of the 

Little castle, {v. di Castello.) 
CHATEAUBRIAND, de (i^.), of Castle Briand. Briand, son of 

Thiern bui t in 1010, in the Bishopric of Nantes, the castle 

CIIEt DEBIEN, de (i^.), o///..^ ./,,,„,, Chkp bo Bois, de 
r.if.iSf"'^"''''^''"^- (^-l«P^"ancoetandPe„coit.> 

CIIENDUIT or Chenydoit ((£.), Oa/L' duct or ay.^rf.e.. (, Mau- 
duit. A cognate name was that of Reynold at Cunduyt, or 

rnvZT: ^°'-"^'^^°'- «*■ I^°"d«"' i" the fourteenth century. 

CHEW (®.), Chwfr (CreUic), ^,..7., i?«;„-.,. A river in co 
Somerset. In 1383, John Chew was Chaplain of Salisbury ' 
The Hon. Samuel Che.v was Chief Justice of Newcastle, 
Pa. and d. 1744. His son, the Hon. Bexja^iin Chew, was 
Chief Justice of Pennsylvania before the Revolution; and, in 
1790 was appointed President of the High Court of Errors 
and Appeals of the same State. He d. 1810. 

CHIESA (3t.), Church; and they bear one in their Arms 



16 






CHOATE (©.), Choaty, Fat, Ohuhhy, 

CIIOLMONDELEY (€.), CalmuM.I..I.ii, anld mount field. "Cold" 
forms part of many local names in England and the Continent. 
In Prussia is a place called Kaliiii, (Jold meadow or brook; in 
Friesland, a Koudum, Cold home; ami, m Ilainault, a Froid 
Chapelle, Cold Chapel, (v. Colby.) 
CIIOUAN (2,.), Chough or Cornish <;row. 
CHRISTIAANSCIIE (CD.), ChrUlinnhj. 
CLERC, de (ID.), Cleuc, le {£.), the Ckrh 
COAD, Couad, Coat, or Coed, le C^t.), of the Wood or Forest. 
COBB ((E.), Leader, Chief; also C huff w Miser, Wealthy person. 
COCHRAN (S), Cock-nose, Turned-up note. 
COEHOORN, van (CJ.), of Cow's horn. 

COETBIHAN, de C^.), of Little wood or forest. Coktivt, de, 
of Tew wood. Coetmen, do, of 8tony wood. Coetquen, 
de, of White wool. 
COID, Coit, or Cooth (01.), Wood, Forest. 
COIN, du {£.), of the Corner, (y. Niinglo,) 
COLBY ((g.), Cole's or Cold dwelliwj, Coldham, Cold home. 

(y. Cholmondelcy.) 
COLE ((£.), Koyl, Coyll, Coil, or Ooel ; an ttneient name, borne 

by two kings of Britain, the first of wliom reigned A.D. 125. 
COLENBRANDER (HJ.), Charcoal-burner, {v. Kohler.) 
COMBE ((£.), Valley, Sharp ridge; Mass of water. Compton, 

Valley town. 
CONTREGLISE, de {£.), of By church, (^v. Bykerk.) 
COOLIDGE (N. e), Cb/e-/«W. Coss^\,cole,coleivort. A name 
derived from Cowling or Cooling, co, Hiiflblk. The will of 
Thomas Colynge, of Arrington, co, Cambridge, was proved in 
1495. From him descended John Coolidok, who emigrated 
to Watertown, and was a Reprcsentativis in 1058. 
CORBET (©.), Corby; i.e., Crow ov Raven, {v. CVowe.) 
CORCORAN or Corcran (J.), Children of Kieran (or the Grayf). 

Core, corca, children, race, or progeny. 
CORN^OOT (€.), Foot of the cornfield, (v. llaselfoot.) 
COURT, le (£.), the Short. Couiitpih, Short or Small foot. 
COUSSMAKER (m.), Slocking-maker. 



17 



COYTMORE (€.), Great wood? (v. Coid ) 

CRAMER (m. and ©.), Mercer, Retailer. 
CRANMER (Of.), Crane's mere or /a>&e. 

^'"J^^^f^V";/' (i^.), of Bay or Oreelc d.elUn, or kaUta- 
Hon. {v. de Belbeuf.) ' 

CROIX, de la (JT.), o/ <Ae Cross. (,;. Lecraw and Kruiis ^ 
CROMBEEN (I,,, Croo.e. .,. ko.Ho.x. Cr!S L or 

timber, (v. Krumholz.) 
CI OWE (e), Cro.. JoH. CaowE came to New England i„ 
1C30, and settled m Yarmouth. He was representative to the 
Colony Court, and a . ,gistr.te. His descendants changed 

GUMMING. S.), Chuimein, Cumir.? There was an Abbot 
of IcolumbU, ,„ 597, named Cummine; and auother in G57, 
called Commeas Albus. The badge of the clan Cumyn, Comyns 
or Cummmgs, is the cumin-plant; and their Arms are, Iz 
three garbs of cumin, or. 

CUNNINGHAM iQ.), Chum kome or district f Cunin,, a butter- 
c/ncrn It may be Kinfs home; but the Earls of Cunningham 
bear for Arms a shakefork, which accords better with a dairy 
than with a palace. ^ 

CURTIS (€.), C.KXEXS (2l.Jf.),Cot;.xors (i^.), Cout.s. (I,), 

,Oourteous There is a somewhat similar name in Holland,- 

Donker Curtms, Dark Curtius ; but this is probably the Latin. 

6hort. There ,s also a viUage in Normandy called Les Courtis ; 

I.e., The Gardens. 

GUSHING (N.e), Co.'sJeidf The will of Wx..xa. Cos- 
SHTx, of Hingham, co. Norfolk, gent., was proved A.D. 1493 
He was ancestor of Dea. Matthkw C^snmG, who came to' 
New England m 1638, and settled in Hingham, Mass 

CUSHMAN(e),^...sorCW..„. ?,3e,'cC Cheese 
and Lheeseman are English names. 

CDSINGTON OS.), C^;.JUU <« f Cow, CowMd, and Co,, 
ley, are also Englifih surnames, (v. Koe.) 



18 



D. 



Dall, ten, at the Dale or Vale. 



DALEN, van {U.), of the Dales. 

DALL, le (^.)> the I^^ind. 

DALLAS (0.) Watered valley. BaW, field, meadow, plain, vaUey ,- 
uis, water. Dallas or Delias is in co. Elgin. 

Sir William de Doleys, knight, was living in 1286; and 
in 13C7 appears John do Dolais, Thane of Cromdale. About 
half a century later, the barony of Cantray came into the pos- 
session of one of the family, whoso descendant, James Dallas, 

, Laird of Cantray,^was kiUed at Culloden. A scion of this 
branch, 

Robert Charles Dallas, of Dallas Castle, Jamaica, 
Esq., native of Scotland, had, int. al, Robert Charles (father of 
Sir George Dallas, Bart., and of Sir Robert Dallas, Lord Chief 
Justice of the Court of Common Pleas of England) ; Alexan- 
der James Dallas, Secretary of the Treasury of the U.S.A. ; 
and a dau. Charlotte, wife of Capt. Byron, R.N., and mother of 
the present Lord Byron. 

The Secretary, who d. 1817, had three sons; viz., (1.) Com- 
modore Alexander James Dallas, U.S.N.,ob. 1844; (2.) George 
Mifflin Dallas, of whom below; (3.) Judge Trevanion Barlow 
Dallas, of Pittsburg, Pa., ob. 1841. 

The Hon. George M. Dallas was born in Philadelphia 
in 1792. In 1831, he was elected a Senator of the U.S.; in 
1837, appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary to the Court of St. Petersburg : from 1845 to 1849, 
be filled the high office of Vice-President of the United States 
of America, and ex officio President of the Senate ; and he 
now represents his country at the Court of St. James. He 
m. Sophia, dau. of Philip Nicklin, Esq., by his wife Juliana, 
dau. of Chief Justice B. Chew, and has issue. 
DALRYMPLE (S.), Dail a 'crom poll, Dale of the crooked pool. 
Dalrymple, co. Ayr, lies in a bend or turn of the river Doon. 



19 



Dalzell, W/nte meadow. Tlie old heralds, to make good their 
story of the origin of this family, interpret this, -'I dare-" but 
It is undoubtedly a local name. In early charters, it is written 
Dallyell. 

DAM, van, and Vandamme (B.), of Dam 

DANFORTH (ffi.), Bane's ford, or Ford 'of the Ban or Daren. 

DANTON (£.), Of Anthony, (a,, de Jacques.) 

DAVENPORT ((£.), Port of the Dan or Daven. 

DEARBORN ((£.), Deer's burn or brook. 

DECKER, den (JU.), the Thatcher. 

DEDEL im.), dim. of Dedde. Dedem, van, of Dedde's home. 

DEERING (©.), Son of Deor ; i.e.. Dear, Beloved. Deor, a 

man's name, signified also deer or other toild animals. 
DEGEN (?U.and(B.), Sword; and perhaps even from Degan, 

Thegan, Thegen, the old Saxon title. Thane. 
DELAFIELD (Ql. Jf.), Of the field Delamere, Of La Mare, 
m Normandy. Dei,amoue, Of the Mil or moor. Delapond 
andDelapoole, Of the pond or pool. Delahivek, Oftheriver. 
Delaware, Of the enclosure, (v. Ware.) 
DELANO (N. €.), Of the meadow, (v. de la Noe ) 
DELESSERT (i^.), Of the assart. Delprat, Of the meadow, 

court, or pfoee. (v. Prat.) 
DELPHINI (Jt.), Z>o/y,iMs; and they carry three in their Arms. 
DEN, Dene, and Dena («.), Valley, Pasture, Plain, Enclosed grove. 
DEPAU (3f.J3.). If of Dutch extraction, dePaauv.V^« Pe«co.X-; 

if French, de Pau, of Pau. (v. van der Paauw.) 
DERBY (©.), Deor's or i)etr'« t^we/^tH^. (i-. Deering ) 
DERNIER, de les (£.), of the Last or Hindmost. 
^ESEmF Am (;^.), Of the children. (t>. der Kinderen.) Des- 

^ FOLRS,^ Of the ovens. Desjions, Of the hills. 
DESIGNE (£.), Appointed, Elected, Styled, Designed. 
DEXTER ((£.), de Exeter, ofBzeter; or Destrier or Dextrier, 
War-horse? («^. Pointdexter, den Hengst, and Schimmel.) Tor- 
dan de Exeter, founder of the Irish family of MaoJordan, wa. 
called also Dcxcestre and Dexecester. Richard Dexter, 
of Maiden, Mass., was made freeman in 1642. One of his' 



20 



descendants, the Hon. Samuel Dexter, was Secretary of the 
Treasury of the U.S. in 1801. 
DIAZ (Sp.), Dia's or of Dia; i.e., son of I)ia, Diag, Diago, 

or Diego. 
DIEU, do {£.), Dio, di (3t.), of God; i. e., Servant of God. 
DIEULEVEULT {£.), God wills it. A family in Normandy 

whose motto is « Diex le volt," the war-cry of the Crusaders. 
DIRCKINCK (©.), Son of Dirch, Dietrich, or Theodorich; i. e., 

Rich or Mighty among the people, Popular. 
DIXON and Dickson (©. and 0.), Dick's son. A common name 
in Great Britain, In England, it is generally spelt Dixon ; and 
there are many distinct families so called. 

In Scotland, it has been variously written, at different periods, 
as Dicson, Dykson, Dikson, Diksone, Diksoun, Diksoune, Dixson! 
and Dickson. They ai-e descended from one Kicliard Keith, 
said to be a son of the family of Keith, Earls Marshal of Scot- 
land, and, in proof thereof, carry in their Arms the chief of 
Keith Marischal. 

This Richard was commonly called « Dick ; » and his sons, 
with the carelessness of the age, were styled " Dickson." It is 
probable that he was the son of the great Marshal Ilervey de 
Keth (ob. 1249), by his wife Margaret, dau. of William, third 
Lord Douglas; because it was customary in those days, in 
Scotland, for cadets to compose their Arms by adiling to their 
paternal bearing a part or the whole of their mother's Arms, 
to show their maternal descent, and to difference themselves 
from other descendants of the family ; and the oldest Arms of 
the Dicksons are Azure three mullets argent, on a chief or 
three pallets gides. Azure three mullets argent, was borne by 
the house of Douglas before the death of Bruce in 1329. 

The first Dickson on record was also a retainer of the 
Douglas, and a man of wealth and influence. — This 

Thomas Dicson, of Heysleside, co. Lanark, was born A.D, 
12-^:7, and, if grandson of the aforesaid Ilervey, was second 
cousin to William, seventh Lord Douglas. The fief of Ilazelside 
was granted to him by this William of Douglas. Archdeacon 



21 



[DIXON, contimid-i 

IJarbour, who wrote in 1375, calls him a good an.l rich man, 
who had very many friends. He died March, 1307, a,f, 00, and 
was succeeded by his son, Thomas Dicson, of IJeyslesi.Ie. 

The family increased rapidly, and became one of the princi- 
pal Border Clans of the East Marches. These Foraying or 
Ridmg Clans, as they were otherwise styled, were broken up 
about the time of the union of the Crowns; and, although most 
of the Dicksons remained in. the Border counties, some went 
farther north. One branch removed to the highlands of Perth ; 
and of this line was — 

IlENuv DiCKsov, of Dunblane, co. Perih, whose son, 
Thomas Dickson or Dixon, born in Dunblane, 1739 
m. Elizabeth, dau. of Alexander Mann, of Kenny, co. Ilos.,, an 
officer in the army, and his wife Katharine, dau. of John Eraser 
of Lovat, son of Thomas, Lord Lovat, and settled in the city of 
Westminster, where .'le adapted the English mode of spellin- 
h.8 name. In 1788, he removed to the Netherlands, where he 
died in 1824, at. 84, and was succeeded bv his only son, 

Thomas Dixon, K.N.L., KX., who was born in Westmin- 
ster, CO. Middlesex, England, in 1781. He was made Chevalier 
of the Order of the Lily by H. R. li. the Count d'Artois, after- 
wards King Charles X., by patent, dated Paris, Aug. 25, 1814; 
and was created Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion 
by H. M. the King of the Netherlands. He m. Mary B., dau. 
of Benjamin Parrott Homer, of Boston, Mass., and d. in Boston,' 
in 1849, a3t. 68, leaving— with one dau., Harriette E. M., who 
m. William H. Boulton, of Toronto - three sons ; one of whom, 
Thomas Heniy, d. unm. in Paris, in 1853. The survivors are, — 
(1.) B. Homer Dixon, of Boston, Mass. 
(2.) FiTz Eugene Dixon, who m. Catherine Chew, dau. of 
the Hon. George M. Dallas, and resides in Philadelphia. 
nODINGA or Donia (-fris.), Boede or Dode's son. (v. Dudlev ) 
DOLLEMAN (S).), Ifadman, 

DOMINGUEZ (Sp.), Bominffo's, or of Domingo. (..Diaz.) 
DONODEI, de (£.), of Gift of God. The language is Latin. 



22 



DOORNIK, van (JU.), of Doomik (in French, Tournay) ; i.e., 

Thorn side or edge. Eg (Saje.), edge. 
DOOTSIIOOFT (D.), />«,/,, A,«rf. Tl.e name of an Amster- 

dam churchwarden of IGlo. 
DORP, van (CI.), of Village. Dorpeh, Villager. 
DOUGLAS (0.), J)„bli gla.s, Dark-gray or Azure, if, as Is most 
probable, it originated witli the river, wMch may have been so 
called from the color of its waters. The first of this family was 
Theobald the Fleming, who, between the yeai-s 1147 and 11 GO, 
received a grant of lands on Douglas Water, in Lanark. Ho 
vvas called "Theobaldus Flamaticus" in the charter; and his 
immediate successor assumed, for the firet, the name "de Du^las " 
DOURDUFF, de a.), of Black water. 

DOW and Duff (Q.), Black. Dv and Duff, le C^.), the Mack. 
DRINKWATER ((£.), Brink water, (v. Boivin ) 
DROOGHBROODT (B.), Dry bread (v. Pannekoek.) 
DRUMMOND (S.), Druman, Bidge, Summit, High ground. 
T^UBOCAGEiS.), Of the grove. Bijchks^^, Of the oak. Dr- 
COMMux, Of the common, corporation, or parish. Dutitii 
Of the linden-tree. TivYX,., Of the valley. Duveroe, 0/ ^/j 
rood or orchard (v. des Acres and de la Verchere.) Duvi- 
VIER, Of the fish-pond. 
DUDLEY ((£.), Dodo or Budo's field {v. Tottenham.) 
DUHRING (©.), Buurd or Bjurre's son. (.. Deerinr. ) 
DUNBAR (S.) Bar's hill is the signification of the Lai name. 
The ftimily of Dunbar were called by the Gaels Barridh; i. e 
Descendants of Bar. Dun, a castle, a height. Dundas, Hill 
of the fallow-deer. Dunlop, Castle of the elbow or bend (v. du 
Guesclin and von Katzenellebogen.) 
DUNEMANN (©.), Down dweller. 
DUNN (®.), Swarthy; Mountain, Hill, Down. 
DUNNEBIER (©.), Small-beer. A modern German surname, 
but centuries ago nickname, of a nobleman of Holland, Floris' 
van Egmond, called Floorke Dunbier, Little Florence Small-beer 
DUPEE (JT. (g.), The same as du Puys, q. v. 

DUSIIEDEN (m.), Thus to-day? An Alderman of Amsterdam 
in 1381. 



23 

DUYCKINCK (N. 2.), The same as Dirckinck, 4. v. 

DUYN, van der (13.) of the Dune or Sand-hill. 

DUYVEL (JD.), i?..iV. Jacob Boel, called Devil (Jacob Boel 
gescyd Duyvel), was Burgomaster of Amsterdam in 1421 • ard 
Jacob Boel Claas' son Devil (Jacob Boel Claesz. Duyve!) 
Alderman in 1470. In 1578, there were two military leaders 
named John and Dirk Devil (Jan and Dirk Duyvel). Burko 
blazons the Arms of the names Devill and Diablo; but the fi«t 
IS smiply De ville, Of the town. 

DIJKSTKA (4Fri6.), Dike place or stead, {v. van Camstra.) 



E. 

EAMES (Of.), Eiim, Uncle, {v. Oom.) 
EATON ((Jr.), Water town. (v. van der Aa.) 
EAU, de 1- {£.), of the Water, {v. de Laigue and des Aix.) 
EBERHARD (®.), Bold as a wild boar. Ebkr^xein, von, of 
Wild boar's castle. "^ 

ECK von Eckendahl (©.), Oak of Oak dale. 
ECKLEY (e). Oak field, or Ecclesia (£.), Chnrch. 
EDGECUMB (tD.), Edge of the valley, {v. Combe.) 
EE, van der (JU.), of the He, a river in Friesland. 
EGMOND, van (?II.), of Egmond ; i.e., Mouth of the Hegge, a 
nver in North Holland. Klaas Kolyn, who wrote in 1170, spells 
It mdiiferently Hegmonde, Hegmunde, Egmont, and Agmont. 
EICHWALD (©.), Oak wood. (v. du Quesnoy.) 
EIKENDUIN (m.), Oak dune. {v. van der Duyn.) 
EINMAHL (®.), Once. Einsiedel, Hermit. 
EISENBEIL (<5.), Iron axe. Eisenmengek, Ironmonger. 
ELLERY (N. e), HiLLART («.), Hilderich (@o.), Battle- 
ruler, or In war powerful. In the early records of Gloucester, 
the name is often spelt Illery. 
ELLIS (©.), Elias. EUes, ellis, or ells ((E.), son-in-law. 
EMINGA, van (iFris.), of Erne or Eeme's race. 



24 



EMMERY (S.), Akmanaueiks (©o.), Most e., ailed or Universal 
ruler. The tlotliic mime became changed to Armanarich, Er- 
manarich, Ermenrich, Emmerich, etc.; afi.l from it were pro- 
bably derived the English surnames Emerich, Emeryke, and 
sometimes Emery, (y. Amory.) The forename of the Italian 
Vespucci was also a corruption of tiiis name of a king of the 
Goths in the fourth century. 

ENDE, am (©.), Ende, op den (CD.),, at the End, Cafe, or Head- 
land. 

ENDICOTT (Of.), End, Border or Comer cottage, (v. Ilaverkottc 

Kingscote, Oldenkot, Prescott, and Wildcodt.) 
ENGELEN (EJ.), Angels. Engklenijuug, Angets burgh. 
ENGL von und zu Wagrain (©.), Angel of and in Wagrain. 
ENRIQUEZ {Qt?.), Enrique's or of Enrique or Henry, (i;. Diaz ) 
EPEKVIER, 1- (^£.), the Hawk. {v. Ilabicht.) 
ESCUllES, des {£.), of the Mews or Stables, {v. Verschuur.) 
ESSARTS, des {£.), of the Assarts, {v. van Berkenrode.) 
ESTANG, de 1' {£.), of the Pool or Fish-pond. {v. v. d. Weyer.) 
EULENBERG, zu (@.). in Owl's mount, (v. Uhlefeld.) 
EVANS (iU.), Jeuans, John's or Jones. 
EVELETH (N. ffi.), EvELEiGH («.), Euwaleah, Sheep-Jield. 
^YE'^BLIJ (m.), Justlghap^g. (v. de Bly.) 
EVERETT (e), Eferhard, Bold as a wild boar. 
EWBANK (Of.) Water, Sheep, or Yew-tree bank. 
EWESMA(Itis.), Ewe's, or of Ewe. (t;.Abbema.) The found- 
er of the family was Ewe in den Oerdt, living A.D. 1278 ; and 
bis descendants were sometimes styled van Ewsum ; i.e., of 
Ewe's home. 
EYRE or Ayre (ffi.), anc. le Eyre, i. e., the Heir; and del Eyre, 
i. e., of the Place or of the Aire, a river. Aire (R.), place, 
small place, threshing-place. 
EIJROND (m.), Oval; lit., Sound as an egg. 
EYSINGA, van (iTris.), of Eyse's race. (v. ^binga.) 



25 



F. 

FABRUCCI at.), Son. of Fahl>rn or Smith, (v. le Fevre ) 

FMrA^lT'J''' '''''-'-' - '- o/Faccino7L. 

FAm.Ax. Fa^r.ha.red. F^.H^Kto and Fairlie, J^a^v JieM. 
FAxnvonn, Good ford. VAUmKKrnm, Fair weather 

FANE (ttJ.), ^&„</flr. (v. Vano.) 
FANGE, de la (S.), of the Miro or Mud * 

t^^ tI, ™""''"' '"""" "*' '^" ^'•'«'-'"'*" «f Amsterdam in 
loil. I find >t n.o,aioMo.l twice, and the first time connected 

TTATTrl^^J^ ' '""^'"*^' ''"' '^"'■"'""° ^^" "«t«« «f the gamut! 

Fi (jrt.), -Paj<A. Cav. N. FcJ, of Bre«cia. 

J«? Camden says thor., wore two stones on the lands called 
_ fether stones," which wero tho origin of the name. " Fether " 
IS, however, the An^lo-Saxon (.. foather, wing; and what are 
feather-stones? They wero probably erected to commemorate 

IflTacT "^" '^' '^"'' ''"'^ """"'^ ^^■^^^^^^^^, Monuments 
FELTON (e.), Garden, Fndoiod place. 
FENNER (®.), ^««.rf«„//ir. (r. Vecncman.) 
FERRERS (e). Fku«u.u««, do (iT.), ./^.^...,. ,e.,^^,,, 

or Iron-works in Normandy. 

''''flf^f^i''"^^' 0/^W,7,anc.Feddewert; i.e.,i...e^, 
castle, (v. Ware.) 

FEVERYEARE (N. C), f'...; ^<,«/? "^ '' 



26 

FtlVRE, lo (£.), the .S', ofh. (v. h Goff, SchmMf, and Smid.) 
FEYERAIJKNJ) (©.), JC'ening-time, Hve, Vigil. 
FILIOLL (^. 5f.), GoiUon. (v. Tmutsolui.) 
P^INCK von Fiiickenstein ((&.), Finch of Finch's castle. 
FISIIBOllNK ((S.), Fish-brook. FiSK, Fish. (r. Vis and Stokvk) 
FITZGERALD (Ca. N.), Son of Gerald. Fitz-James, Son of 
James. 

FLECIIE, de la (£.), of the Arrow, (v. Pfcilschmidt.) 

FLEET (QJ.), Stream, River, or Brook; also Swift. 

FLETII, zum ((5.) at the lirook. {v. van der Vlict.) 

FLIKKENSCIIILD (JU.), Shining shield. 

FLO or Floc'h, le (01.)- the Esquire. 

Fr.ORISSEN (El.), Florence's son. Name of Pope Adrian VL 

FONTAINE, dc la (i^.). '/ the Fountain or Spring. 

FOREST, de la {£.), of the Forest. 

FORSTER and Foster (©. and 0.), Forester; also Fosterer, i.e., 

Foster-father or brother. 
FORTEIJRACCI (Jt.), Strong arms. One of the Seigniors of 

Perugia was Braccio Fortebracei, Arm Armstrong 
FORTIGUERRA (Jt.), Strong in battle. (;,. Baldwin.) 
FOTHERBY (ffi.), Fodderer'sov Feeder's dwelling. Fotheugill, 

Fodderer's rivulet, ravine, dell, or ditch, {v. Futtcrmen<'er ) 
FOURNEAU (i^.), Furnace, (v. Giesenhausen.) 
FRANKLIN {<£.), Freeholder. (^. Freyhofer and Sondermann.) 
FRAPPE (£.), Struck, or perhaps Spirited? (v. Designe.) 
FRASER (S.) Fra8cr,Fresar,Frisel,Frisele,Freshele,deFraaer, 
and de Fri.sle, are the seven different ways in which this name' 
is written in "Ragman RoU" (A.D. 1292-1297) by seventeen 
of the family; one of them being Chancellor of the Kingdom, 
and another Gnmd Chamberlain and brother-in-law of King 
Robert Bruce. 

This surname is generally said to be of Norman origin ; but 
is more probably Celtic, and a corruption of Frith siol, Forest 
tribe or race. In Gaelic, the family are caUed « na Friosalaich," 
the Frasers, or " Clann Friosal." 

Those who chiim for them a Norman descent say that the 



37 



IFBASER, continued.] 

"amo was derived from the " frahes " or stra vberry-loaves in 
'I"'"- Arms, u..d that they were identical witi, the French 
1 rebels; hut, in my o|,ini..n, the hitter is an entirely difTn-^nt 
name (.. Fre.eau). 1 believe, moreover, that the Scotch name 
18 far older than the Arms; and that when the latter were 
adopted, or perhaps granted, canting Arm? ,. eru u.kon, and the 
pun made m the court language of the ti-. js. 

GiLHEUT UE FuASKU, living temp. Ue,, X. (11«. -1124) 
IS the first who is to be found in charters. Jj.. .„„,, . ^^.^j ^J^ 
estates in Tweeddale and Lothian, and was .. estor of Simon 
FRASEn, who m. Margaret, dau. of John, Earl of Orkney and 
Caithness, and d. 13^3. Ho was the innnediate ancestor of 
the famdy of Lovat, which, i« well as the Clan Fraser, arc 
styled in the Highlands Mac Shimi, from him, their first chief. 
n.s descendant, Thomas Fuaser, Lord Lovat, d. 1G99, leaving 
two sons, vi.., (1.) S.MOX FUASKU, Lord Lovat, Chief of the 
Clan I. raser, and Lord-Lieutenant of the co. Luerness, attainted 
for h,g,, treason in 1747; and (2.) John Fuaseu, who was 
born at fanich, Urray, co. R„ss, circa 1674. He was an active 
Jacobite, and therefore generally lived under an assumed name 
m Great Britain ; being sometimes known as Mac Omas - 
such being his pat ronymic, _ and sometimes as John Dubh or 
Dhu. In France, however, he was styled the Chevalier Fraser 
de Lovat. 

FRAUENTRAUT (©.), Wonen's dear, Beloredof^comen. Hen- 

ry von Meissen, the IVIinnesanger (ob. 1318), wa., called Frauen- 

lob, Women's praise, or Praise the women. 
FREEBODY (©.), Liberal fellora ? Frkebohx, Mrn free 

FnKELAND, AUodialland. Freeman, /'W.^Wer.? (i,. Frank^ 

hn and Freimann.) 

FREEMANTLE (©.), FHe.e mantle, or cloak made of the cloth 

tor which Friesland was formerly celebrated. 
FREIMANN ((&.), Freeholder ; but, as a prov. word, "freimann" 

signifies hinder. Freimuth, Frank 

FREUDENBERG (®.), Mount of Jo,. Freudenburg, Castle 
of joy. 



28 



FKEYHOFER ((&.), Free farmer, Freeholder, (v. Franklin.) 

FREZEAU, or Frezel de la Frezeliere (£:), Ash of the A^h plan- 
tation. Fraysse (H.), ash-tree. {v. de Chasteigner.) 

FRODHAM or Frodsham ((£.), Sage's home. Frod, advanced in 
years, old, prudent, wise. (v. de Vroe, a corruption of de 
Vroede.) Fkoding, Sage's son or descendant. Fbodingham 
or Frothingham, Hb7ne of Sage's son. 

FJJCHS, von ((3.), of Fox. (i-. Tod.) 

FULFORD ((£.), Foulford, Muddy ford. (v. Faulbom.) 

FULLERTON (0.), Fuller's or Fowler's town. 

FUNFKIRCHEN (@.), Five churches. 

FUR, le (a.), the Wise or Sage. 

FURSTENHAUPT (®.), Prince's head. (v. Testa d'Oro.) 

FUTTERMENGER (©.), Fodder or Food mixer, (v. Fotherby.) 

FIJNJE (ID,), dim. of Fijn; i. e., Sly, Cunning. 



G. 

GALE (©.), Gael or Scot. Gall, le {%.), the Frenchman. 

GAMBACORTA (St.), Short legs. Gambalunga, Long legs. 
Gamberucci, Sons of Gamha. 

GANS (ID.), Goose. Gansneb, Goose-Ull. Gansevoort (N. jfl.), 
Goose's ford. 

GARIBALDI {M.), Gabibald {(&o.), Bold spear, (y. Gerard.) 

GJVRTH (©.), Tard, Orchard, Weir, Warren. 

Gates ((if.), C^a^ (v.v. d. Poort aL. Yates); also Goat; Farm- 
yard; Path, Way, Street, or Eoad. 

GATESDEN (®.), Goat's pasture, (v. Den.) 

GATTA, deUa (3t.), o/ <Ae Ca<. 

GEBHART (C«$.), Generous nature, Liberal, {v. GiflFard.) 

GEDULT (m. a-'l (g.), Patience, {v. Gnaden and Treurniet.) 

GEELE (CD.), Fe/foM;. Geelhand, Tc^^om; hand. Geelhoed, 
Yellow hat. Geelhuyzen, TeZ/oM* /wMse*. Geelkerken, van, 
of TeUow chu, hes. 

GELTSAK (JU.), Money-hag. («. de la Bourse.) 



29 



GELUK (JU.), Fortune. Geselsciiap, Company, Society. 
GERARD (Of.), Gekiiakd (Oo.), Hard spear, {v. Garibaldi.) 
GEVERS (SD.), Gebbkks (©.), Giver, Liberal, as Gebhart, q.v. 
GIANFIGLIAZZI (Jt.), John's sons. Figliazzi, dim. of figlio. 

GiANiBELLi, Sons of John the handsome. Giovanelli, John's 

sons. 

GIBSON (([£.), Son of Gib or Gilbert, anc. Gislebert; i.e., Bright 
pledge, lUmtrious hostage. 

GIESENHAUSEN {i&.), Foundries. (.. Ferrers and Fourneau.) 

GIFFARD (©.), Liberal, as Gebhart and Gevers, q. v. 

GILCHRIST (g.), Giolla Clirist, Servant of Christ. 

GILDEMEESTER (JD.), Deacon ofaguild, Foreman of a corpc 
ration, (v. Overman.) 

GILMAN (Of.), The same as ViUemain, q. v. 

GLASS (0.), Grey, Pal,, Wan. Glaz, le (Ql.), the Gray. 

GLE {£.), Mouse. Arms : Or, five mice gules. 

GNADEN m Thur (@.), Grace in Thur. 

GODARD (e.). Divine nature or disposition. Godbold, Bold 
in God, or God's house, {v. Newbold.) Goderich and Good- 
rich, Prosperous in God. Godsall and Godschall, God^s ser- 
vant. Godwin, Lover of God. (v. Amaduzzi.) 

GOEDBLOED (JH.), Good blood. Goedkoop, Cheap. Lit. 
Good bargain; or Good market? {v. Goodchepe, de Bonmar- 
che, and Middelkoop.) 

GOETHALS (HI.), Een goede hals, A good-natured fellow. A 
Dutch expression, but literally a good nech; and the Arms of 
the family of Goethals, in Flanders, have been made to agree 
with the latter signification ; viz., "three female busts." And, 
to crown the whole, the origin of the Arms is stated to be, that 
an ancestor saved three Christian virgms from being massacred 
by the infidels I 
GOFF, le (a..), the Smith, {v. Angove and Trengove ) 
GOLDTHWAITE (ffi.), Wild myrtle assart, ov mvaite in a gate 

or narrow valley, (y. Thwaites.) 
GONZALES or Gonzalves (0p.), Gonzalvo's. (v. Diaz.) 
GOODACRE (©.), Good feld. Goodbodt, Good fellow or 



llll 



30 



memnger. {v. Peabody.) GooLiiow, Good hoy, or archer^ 
GooDciiEPr,, Good market, (v. Oomlkocp.) GooDKNOtion 
and Gootlenow, Good v>um,jh. G..o,»|.-|.;i,mmv, Ihon compa- 
mon, or synonymous v.ith GoetlmU, ,,. v. (Joodhuk, Good 
Hugh. GooDMADAjr, Patrowsg. {v. GoflnnI,) 
GORDON (S.), Goirtcan, JMtle eornfidd. Tl.o parish of Gordon 
IS ni the CO. Berwick; and the foundcT of tl.o lianily so called, 
who came from England, temp. Dav. I,, obtained from him the 
lands from which the name was taken, 
" ORIIAM ((f .), Gorram, now Goron in tli<! prov. of Maine 
GOTTSCHALK (©.), Seven t of God. (.. UodHail.) 
GOUDOEVER (J3.), Gold shore. Gor;,..WAAnn, As good as 
gold! But this is probably derived Iv^^xxv the village of" Gouds- 
waard ; i. e., GoudiCs lefenee, castle, op pMvr. (v. Ware ^ 
GOUGH or Goch (tD.), Bed. ' 

GOUJON, le {£.), the Gudgeon. Arms: Az. three gudgeons or. 
GRAAF, de {B.), the Count. " 

GRAAUWEN, 's (D.), Gray's, or of the Qray ( Le., son of the 

Gray. {v. Gray and de Grijs.) 
GRACE (3.), anc. le Gros, Big, Fat. (v. lo Ornn.) 
GR^ME or Graham (0.), Grim, Samge ; for this name resem- 
bles rather the Anglo-Saxon word " grim " - i. e,, sharp, savage, 
cruel, grtm-ihm the Celtic « gruamttch," - i. c., s^dlen, morose, 
gloomy, — and is of the same cl.-uss as the Gorman name Griram, 
the French le Sauvage, the Dutch do Wilde, q, v., an.' the' 
English Savage and Wild. 

The traditionary descent of thig family from one Grime, 
who in the fifth cent v made a breach in the wall of Severus^ 
probably saved them from being dimml with the Campbells,' 
Cumyns, Erasers, Grants, and many other great Scottish houses' 
to whom a foreign origin was given, as tluM name has really an 
Anglo-JMorman appearance; the Ilomunco word "grams or 
graims" (gram, grom, Qa^.), i.e., furious, fierce, angry, pas- 
sionate, not differing much from the «unmme of the first of 
this family who appears in charters | viz., William de Gra)me, 
A.D. 1128. ' 



31 



[GBJIME, continued.] 

The ancestor of the Groemes of the Debatable Land was 
styled Joha with the Bright Sword. He was second son of 
Jlahse Graham, Earl of Menteith. 
GRAFTON (Qt.), Grove or Grave town, or Gras>i town, ,f derived 

from Grafton, anc. Grastone, co. Wai-wick. 
GRAINDORGE {£.) Barleycorn. 
GRAND, le {£.), the G.eo.', Tall or Lonrf. Gkandoyex, Head 

dean. Gkandjean, Great John. {v. le Braz and Grace.) 
URANT or Graunt ((g.), Great, TaU, Long. But it may in some 

cases be a local surname derived from th^ river Grant or Cam 
GRANT (S.) Griantach, or Sliabh Grianns, The heath of Griau 
or the Sm, in Strathspey, where there arc many Druidical 
remains, is doubtless the place from which the clan Grant 
derived their appellation, and their crest, a b-jroin- mount, 
apparently has reference to the worship of Baal, after whom 
May Day is still called in Scotland Bealitainn, Haats fire. 
GRAS, le {£.), the Fat. {o. Grace.) 

GRASIIOF (D.), Grass court. Geasmeyek (®.), Grass farmer. 
GRAVENSWEERT, van 's (Ci.), ./ Counes castle, (v. Ware.^ 

Gkavesande, van 's, of Count's sands. 
GRAY or Grey (ffi.), Gray-haired ; also a Norman name derived 
trom the town so called in France. It appe, rs as de Gray in 
the roll of Battel Abbey. Some of the name, however, claim 
descent from John de Croy, a Picard, who accompanied the 
Conqueror. 

GRAYSTOKE (®.), Place of grays or badgers. 

GREEFKES (HI.), Son of little -greef graaf" or count? 

GREENFIELD (©.), Green field. Gkeenhaji, Green home. 
Gbeenhow and Greenhaugh, Green hiU or meadoxo. (v. How.) 
Greenshields, Green shielings. Gkeen^mith, Smith dwell- 
ing on the village green. 

GRENZEBACH {(&.), Boundary brooh. (.. Tusschenbroek.) 
GREW ((g.), Greek; also Greyhound. 

GROEN (U.), Green. Groenenbero, Green hill. . Gb""\e- 
WOUD, Greemoood. Gkoenveld, Greenfield. 



32 

GROOTEKOORT (D.), Stout and short. Grootenhuis, ten, 

at the Great house. Guootjan, Mff John. (v. le Grand.) 
GliOHTETE (£.), Biff head. (^. Breitbaupt and Kops.) 
GROYESTINS, van (Stis.), of Strong castle. 
GRUND (©.), Ground, Land, Valley, (v. Zumgrunde.) 
GRUNSTEIN (©.), Green castle, or the stone called Greenstone. 
GRUSTERA or Groenstera (irris.), Green place, or Gruno's 

place ? (v. van Camstra.) 
GRUTT, am ((&.), at the Grotto. 
GRIJS, de (m.), the Gray. (v. 's Graauwen.) 
GUE, dii d'.), of the Ford (v. de Quebriac.) 
GUESCLIN, du (Ti.), of the Elhow of the stream. The castle of 

Guesclin is situated upon a rock in the sea, at the mouth of a 

river, which forms a bend there by winding round the rock. 

{y. Dunlop.) 

GUIDI del Bagno (3t.), Guys, or Gu-ifs sons of the Bath. 
GUNTER (©.), GuNTHEK ((go.). In battle chief (v. Heringa.) 
GUTBIER ((3.), Good beer. (.. Sauerbier.) Gutk^zgt, Good 

servant. Gvtsciuiwt, Good smith, (v. Goedbloed.) 
GWAZIK (QV.), Zittle man. (y. Rozek and Piccolomini.) 
GWEN, le (!a.), the White. Gwynn rtO.), White, (r. Wynne.) 
GIJZELAAR, de (ID.), the Hostage. 



H. 

IIAAG, van den (UD.), of the Hague; i.e., the Hedge, or Place en- 
elosed by a hedge. The proper name of the city of the Hague 
is 's Gravenhagc, the Count's hedge, (v. Haig.) 

HAAN, de (dJ.), the CocL (v. >t Hoen.) 

HABASQUE (21.), Sweet, Amiable, (v. Swett.) 

HABENICIIT (©.), Penniless, Lackland, (v.. St. Savoyre ) 

HABICHT (©.), HaivL (v. I'Epervier.) 

HAGEDOORN (B.), Hawthorn. Hagen, zum (@.), at the 
Hedge. 

HAHNEMANN (©.), Hedge man or dweUer. 



*33 



HAIG (S.), Hedge, {v. van den Ilaag, zum Hagen, and Hay \ 

HALE ((g.), n,anhy, Strong, {v. Sain.) 

HALL ((p.), House, Manor-house, Dwelling. 

HALL, van (H.), <,/ ^a/ZeT There is a place so called in Bra- 
bant. Sir Frank van Halle (ob. circa 137G) was an early 
Knight of the 'larter. 

HALLET (®.), Little Hal or Henry. 

HALLIDAY (S.), Holg day. A name derived from their slogan, 
" A holy day, a holy day ; » this border family probably viewin- 
the contest with their old enemies of England in the light of a 
Holy war. 

HALLOWELL ((If.), Holy ^oett. (v. Holyoke.) 
HALLSlxlOM (©.), Stony stream. Hall, bank of rorh. 
HAM (©.) Home, House, Dwelling, Village, Toion, Farm, is the 
signification of the Anglo-Saxon word «ham." The provincial 
word "ham" means rich level pasture ; plot of ground near a 
river ; small triangular croft, {v. van der Heim.) 
HAM, ten (JD.), at the Enclosure. Ham signified anciently a place 
surrounded by willows, or where rushes grow; also land planted 
with wicker between a dike and river, (r. von Hamme.) 
HAMDEN (e), Home valley or pasture. 
HAMEL, du (£.), of the Hamlet, (v. ■\\ eijer.) 
HAMER and Hammer ((E.), Hammer. Haraer may have been 
an old Saxon forename ; for there is in co. Lincoln a place called 
Hameringham; i.e., Home of Hamer's son. One of the Ger- 
man names of Thor was Hamar. Hamektox, Hamer's, Thor% 
or Hammer town. Hammekslet, Hamer's, Thor's, or Hammel 
field. Hamer (iD.), Hammer. Hamerster, Hamer's, Thor's, 
or Hammer place, (v. van Camstra.) Hammer, vc:) (©,)' 
of Hammer, (v. Homer and Martel.) 
li^'M.M'E, von {(&.), of Hedge ov Fence, (r. ten Ham.) 
HAMMOND (Ol.), Home defender or protector, (y. Redmond ) 
HANCOCK (e), Little Hans, Johannes, or John. 
HANLEY ((£.), CocJSsfdd. Hana {Qa%.), a cock. (v. Henscot.) 
HANWAY (®.), Hainaulter. (v. Janeway.) 
HARADON ((E.), Hare's down or hill. Harig (B.), Hairy. 



rri 



34 



HARINGKARSPEL (JD.), Haans sons parish, Hariwxma 
thoe Sloten, van (f ris.), of Huare''i race at Skieii. (r. Ilering.i.) 

HARRINGTON (^,), Ilaveringtun, Mh- r's meadow inirn. There 
i.-i another place from wliich the surname may \v,x\(^ been de- 
rived, a seaport in co. Cumberland, called Harrir.{!;tou ; i.e., 
Herring town ? 

BA iiSCOl ET CA.), Mar uood. (v. Bydale and Bykerk.) 
HART MANN (i3-), Ifm-dy man. {v, H.^lmann.) 
HARTOGVELT van (fD), of BuhU Jield. 
HAt^KLFOOT {(R.) Foof. of the hazel-trees. Hazelrig, HazeU 
ridge. ITvssELALf£ I J^.), Ho -el-tree. In 1573, when Haarlem 
was besieged by tii.-. Spaniards, Kenau Simonsd. Hasselaer,— 
i. e., Catherine Hasselaer, Simon's daughter, — a lady of an honor- 
able family, formed a battalion of three hundred women, who 
bore a conspicuous part in all the perils and labors of the siege. 
Hasselijach (©.), Hasd brook. 
HATCH (ffi.), Dam or Mound, Gateway. 
HATEBUHR (U.), Hate neighbor, {v. Naber and Mauvoisin.) 
ILITHERLEY (®.)» Heather field. Hathohne, Hawthorn. 
IIAUTERIVE, d' {£.), of High bank. 

HAVEN (©.), Port or Harbor. In Scotland, the hollow or shel- 
tered part of a hill is called a " hope, howff, haaf," and " haven." 
HAVERKAMP (D.), Oafs field. Havekkotte, Oafs cottage. 
HAVERSHAM (H).), Heifer's oi Oat's home. {v. Harrington.) 
HA WES ((£.), Haw or Hedge, {v. Hay.) Perhaps sometimes a 

corruption of How, q. v. 
HAY (S.), Hedge, {v. Hav.'es and Haig.) 
HEATHCOTE (®.), Heath cottage, {v. Endicott and Westcoat.) 
HEEMSTEDE (ffi).). Farm. Heemstra, van, of Hemme's place ? 

or of Home place, (v. van Camstra.) 
IIEERE (m.), Lord, Sir, Master. Heeren, Lords, Gentlemen, 
Sirs. But these surnames are probably derived from the fore- 
name Heer, Heere, or Herre. (v. Heringa.) Heerenberg, 
van 's, of Lord's hill. 
HEIDE, ter (SD.), at the E.r£y.. Heideblom, Wild thyme. 
HEILIGENJVIANN (O.;, .^u.nis man ; i. e.. Servant oj th^ 



i";tiV'^i 



35 



samts. (y. de' Sanctis.) Heiligenscumidt, Saines smith or 
worker; i.e., probably, maker ofiviages of saints. 
IIEILMANN (©.), Happy man. {v. I'lleureux.) 
dEBi, van der (JD.), of the Home. The Saxon "heim " was the 

same as the Anglo-Saxon « ham." {v. Ham.) 
HEITMANN (©.), Heath man. {v. ter Heide.) 
KELBORNE (©.), Hill brook. IIellier, Thatcher, Tiler. 
HELL, van der (m.), of the Hollow, Low, or Deep place. 
IIELLEGANGER (P.), Hell-walker ! Two of the name in 

Amsterdam Directory for 1851. 
HELLER von Hellersperg ((g.), Vivary of Vivary mount. 
HELLFURTH (©.), Clear ford. Hellmaxx, CTmr4.«.ferf «z«n. 

The same as the English Urightman. 
HEMELOP (JD.), Heaven up; As high as heaven ? 
HENGST, den (B.), the Stallion. A name still extant, and car- 
tainly an ancient one; for it was borne by Hengst, or Hengist, 
who, with his brother Horsa, landed in En<rland A D 440 
HENNEBONT, de (Ql.), of Bridge road. (v. des Chemins") 
HENSCOT ((£.), Hen's cottage. Henshall, Hen's hall. Hen- 

SHAW or Henshaugh, Hen's meadow, (v. Hanley and How ) 
HERCKENRATII (©.), Heerke, Herke, or Herek's assart. 

Herckenroder, Dweller in Herek's assart. 
HERINGA (£vi9.), Haare, Heere, Heer, or Herre's son, Hari 
((Bo.), army, also a single champion. One of Odin's names 
was Har, The high. Har also signifies hairy. Hermann, (©.), 
Har's or Chief man, or Man of the army. Hermannsen, Her- 
man's son, 

HEUREUX, r if.), the Happy, (v. de BIy and Heilmann.) 
HEYLIGERS (D.), Saints, (v. Heiligenmann.) 
HIDE (ffi.), Field, Hide of land. 
HIGHMORE (©.), High hill, or High in the moor. 
HIMMEL (©.), Heaven, (v. Hemelop and Paradise.) 
HINMAN ((£.), Farmer, (v. Ackerman, Bauer, and Meyer ) 
HOAR ((£.), Hoary, Aged, Gray. 

HOCHBERG, von (©.), of High mount. Hochschluss, von, 
"/ ^^ff^ castle, (v. Hogendorp and Hoor.) 



36 



IIOCHE ( * ), CuUivated land enclosed by a hedge or di'tck, Plot of 

ground near house. 
IIOCIIEPIED {£.), Haggard falcon, {v. Blaauwvoet.) 
IIOEFIJZER (US.), Horseshoe, {v. Trip.) 
IIOEK, van den (D.), of the Corner. Hoekstra (iFria.), Comer 

place ? (c. van Camstra.) 
liOEN, 't (D.). the Fowl. IIoendervoogd, Poidtry-master. 
HOENSBROEK, van en tot (JD.), of and in Hen's marsh. 
IIOEVEN, ter (13.), at the Farms, (v. Hovy.) 
HOP, van 't (m.), of the Court or Garden. 

HOFER ((5.), Ilufner, Possessor of a hide of land, or Hofherr, 
Courtier, Landlord, Lord of the manor. In the Tyrol, « bofer " 
signifies huckster. 
HOFF, von ((J5.), of Court, Yard, Manor, or Farm. Hoffman 
von Hoffmansegg, Courtier of Courtier's corner. Hofzuma- 
iiAus, Court or Farm hy meadow house, or Matthew's courts 
HOGExNDORP (ID.), High village, {v. Hoog.) 
HOHENFELD, von (©.), of High field. Hohenloh, von, of 

High place or forest, (v. van Loo.) 
HOLBROOK and Ilolburne ((£.), Wood or Holhj-tree brook. Hol- 
COTT, Wood or Holly cottage, or Cottage in a hollow. Holland, 
Holbw or Flat land, or Woody or Holly land. Hollinshed' 
Head of the hollies. Holt, Wood or Grove. Holtoft, Wood 
or Holly croft, or Toft in a hollow. Holyland, Holly land. 
HOLLANDER, de (U.), the Hollander. The Dutch name Hol- 
land first appears in the year 1054 ; and, in 1083, Count Dirk 
V. is styled "Comes Hollandensium." The latest authorities 
consider that the names were given to Holland and Zeeland by " 
the Danes, after the places so called in their own fatherland. 
HOLMES (C), Hollies, Island in a river, Flat land, Meadow sur- 
rounded by water. 

HOLTHUYZEN (CD.), Wood or Forest houses. Holtbop, Holt 

dorp, Wood village, (v. Lothrop.) 
HOLYOKE (e), Holy oak. {v. Hallowell.) 
HOLZBRUCK, von (©.), of Wooden bridge. 
HOMER (e) Hammer is the signification of the Anglo-Saxon 



37 



fllOMEK, continued.] 

word "homer" or "hamor." In 12 YAw. III., A.D. 1338, 
lands in co. Dorset were granted to Thomas de IIomkke,' 
believed to be the earliest of the name on record. He may' 
have been so called, either tVom the " martel de fer," or /lammer, 
being his favorite weapon, or from a manor named « Homere." 
(v. Ilamer.) 

A family surnamed Homer have been settled in Stafford- 
shire for centuries. According to tradition, their ancestor, an 
officer, removed there in the fourteenth century, in consequence 
of having fought a duel. One of his descendants built a house 
at Ettingshall, near Bilston, parish of Sedgley, co. Stafford; 
and from him sprang — 

Edward IIomeu, of Ettingshall, whose son, Capt. John 
Homer, b. 1647, immigrated to Boston, Mass., circa 1G72; 
m. Margery Stephens ; and d., leaving, int. a/., a son, Benja- 
min Homer, b. 1C98, who m. Elizabeth, dau. of John Crowe, 
and Bethia Sears, his wife. His son, Benjamin Homer, b! 
1731, m. Mary, dau. of Bryant Parrott, and Ruth Wadsworth, 
his wife, and d., leaving one son, of whom presently, and four 
daus.; viz., Ruth, m. Mons. P. R. Arsonneau; Elizabeih, ro. 
Judge A. Paine; Mary, m. Judge L. Hall; and Bethia C, 
m. Col. O. Gallup. The only son, Benjajhn Parrott Homer, 
b. 1761, m. Abigail, dau. of David Pearce, of Gloucester, and 
Bethia Ingersoll, tiis wife, and d. 1838, leaving one son, of whom 
hereafter, and two daus. ; viz., Mary B., m. Thomas Dixon, 
K.L., K.N.L., and Georgiana A., m. Philo S. Shelton, Esq. 
The only son, Fitzhenry Homer, b. 1799, m. Nancy B., dau. 
of the Hon. J. D'Wolf, of Bristol, R.I., a senator of the U.S., 
by his wife, Nancy, dau. of Lieut.-Gov. W. Bradford, of Rhode' 
Island, U. S. Senator, and d. 1856, leaving two daus., one of 
whom, Josephine n., m. Henry Bedlow, Esq. 

HOMEIJER (iil.). Hay-move., or High farmer 7 (v. Nieder- 
meyer and Upjohn.) 

HOMODEI (0p.) Man of God. (v. de Dieu.) 



■'S 



HCND, von (®.), of Bog. (v. le 



HOND, dc (EI.), tie Dog. 

Quien and Keiprwiu.) 
HONDERTMAKK (p..), One hundred marks ; monoy or land. 
HOxNEYPOT (ffi.), homy-pot. {v. Olicn at, Pot, and Zuber.) 
HOOD (Qr.), Wood, and perhaps also from ' i, 
HOOFDMAN and Ilopman (D.), Captain, Headman, Deacon. 
IIOOFF, Op den (CI.), ^t the Court or Garden, {v. Hof.) 
IIOOFT, 't (CJ.), the Head. (r. Kops, Pen, and de Malteste.) 
HOOG CO.), Tall., IIooGKAMEU, High chamber. IIo(;GENBOOir, 

High tree. 
HOOI* ( P.), Hill. IIooPEN, ten, at the Hills. 
HOP'^: (©.), Small f eld, Valley, Stream, Hill. (v. Haven.) 
HORSEPOOL (©.), Horse-pond. Hokslicv, Horse-Jield. 
HOTTINGA (iTris.), if««e'* sow, (t;. ^Ebinga.) 

HOUT, ten (JD.), «/ the Wood. Houx, du (#.), of the Holly. 

IIOVIJ (CJ.), Hoove, Farm, or Hove, 0)Mr<? (r. ter Hoeven.) 

HOW and Hoo (ffi.), Hill, Deep or Zow place. Meadow in a valley; 
also Haugk, i. e., i/iVfocA, Flat ground by river side, Meadow in 
a valley. 

HOWE (Of.), Hugh, or Mie same as Hawes or How, q. v. 

HOWELL (tD.), Hual, Generous, Frank ? {y. Powell.) 

HUBSCH (©.), Handsome, (v. Bienfait and JoliflPe.) 

HULL ((g.), //iV/, ifoi-e^. Holly-tree. 

HULSEMANN (©.), J9M;e//er Jy the hollies. 

HULST, van der (JU.), 'he Hclh: 

HUMBOLD (©.), HuNiBA.D (iBo.), Bold as a giant. 

HUMPHREY (©.), Hu^•FRID (©o.), Protecting giant, or &CMr« 
as rt giant. 

HUNOLTSTEIN, Vogt von u:rl zu (©.), ^atV,;^' 0/ ancfin Hu- 
nolt's castle. Vogt, a title changed to Baron in 1471, 

HUNSTON (Of.), Dofs town. {v. de Hond.) 

HUNT (®.), Huntsman. Huntingdon nntena tun, Hunter's 
town. 

HUIJDECOJ'ER (m.), Hide-dcaler. (r ;kinnci.> 



39 



I. 

IDE (N.(E.),The ;.mo«8iri.Io,f,.v. 

IDSINGA, van (i^le.), «/ /.// race. {v. iEbinga.) 

IHM (t«5.), To himl I„N,cv, To you or them^ InNE (N. ID.). 

The ..u.e as Il.nen ? («. ,1,.^ Sm o,n,l Zijnen.) 
IM-GRLND (©.), In tke Valky. Imhohst, /. .. ^ood. T.- 

HUL8KN, /„ ,/,e U,M,j.l,u»k. JMOMKUSTKro, .1. ,/« J,,",/,,. 

INBLSCH (© ). At or /« *„,/,. 1.ok,,.,tk, In .ke meada.. 

IxDEHKiK, /« th, island. iNi.EUMAUR, ^^ or la tke wall or 

-'Hoor/ 1.,., sign of uw. Moor. 
INCIIE.< :g.), JdandH, al^o Jlfo«rfott„, as at Perth 

mpf I '"^' '''"■'' ^■•"'-•' ''^'"•- ^«^«' '--ll 

L\GLRSOLr (. u Inger's hull. V palace. Ihavenev.rmet with 
the name I„ger by v \U b„,, ^.^ there is such a Saxon name 
IS evident; for, be.., thin and the preceding surname, there 
are m Germany places .ulh.l Ingersheim and Ingersdorf, and, 
m lorksliire, an Iiigerfhorp, 

In 1433 Rob HvNK,.:u«K,,r., gent., was living in eo. York. 
The first who emigratud to thi« country was I.Tchard Inkeu- 
8ALL or LvGEusoLi, who Ctttno from Bedfordshire, and settled 
m Salem in 1G29. 

INIGUEZ (Sp.), Inigo'a or Tgnaliu,',. (^. Dia. ) 

IN 'TVELD (fD.), In ,neMi. (v. in 't Veil) 

IPENBUUR (ID.), iy^ear </.,«/,«,. 

ISEBRANTS (©.), /.,„ ,^,,,, ,,,,„,,^,^^ ,^^^_^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ 

IsEN.cHMiDT, /row mith. (,, Strnil and Yzer.) 
ISELIN (Oi.), ,! :,„. of I«e, an old Saxon name. 



40 



ISLIP ((p.), Gightslepo, Station ofshepf 
ISNARI) {£.), IsANHAii (©o.), Hard as iron. 
ISSELSTKIN, van (D.), of IJssehtein, q. v. sub Y. 



Mil, 



J. 

JACKSON (e), Son of Jack, Jacobus, or James. 
JACOBIN, le {£.), the Dominican friar. 
JACQUES, fie {£.), of James. Jacqueson, do, of Jackson. 
JAGER (m. and ©.), Hunter. (,-. Hunt and Wymans.) 
JANE WAY (®.), Genoese, (r. Hanway.) 
JANSEN and Jansz {U.), Jans zoon, ,/o^n'« son. 
JEFFRIES (e), Geoffrey\ or of Geoffrey or ^orf/r.^,; i.e., In 
God secure. 

JENKINS (C), JenUn's, or Zttt/e Tb/m's. fr. Atkins.) 

JEUNE, le {£.), the Young, {v. de Jong and Jung.) 

JODE, de (ID.), the Jew. Juif {£.), Jew. 

JOHAJ^NSEN (©.), Johans sohn, John's son. 

JOHNSTON (S.), John's town. (v. Ralston.) 

JOLIFFE ({£.), anc. Joli, Pretty, Pleasing, (v. Hubsch.) 

JONG, de (E).), the Young. Jonokkloed, Toung blood. Jonge- 

BOER, Toung boor. Jonge Flaming, de, the Toung Fleming. 

Jong KIND, Toung child. 
JUNG ((5.), Toung. {v. Ar-Iaouanq.) 
JUWINGA (Jrig.), Jouw or Juw's son or descendant. 



K. 

KAAL (13.), 5aW, Kakebeen, Jawbone. Kalf, Ca/^ (i,, Koe.) 
KAISiER ((g.), Keizek (EJ.), Emperor, {v. Lempereur.) 
KAM.MANN (®.), ComiOTa^er or Woolcomber. 
KAMPEN, van (D.), of Kxmpen ; i. e., i^/e/rfi. (r. Toekamp.) 
KANE and Kean (3.), The same as Pen and Penn, q. v. 
KASTEELE, van de (D.), of the Castle, (y. de Tregastel.) 



41 



KATZENELLKnOGEX, von (B.), of mo.s ov Comer, of t/. 
CAalUs country. (.. I),„,|„,,, ,,u (Jm-sclin, and Kdih.) As 
early :is 12'J2, tlicie wa.s a Count von Katz.-n.lldH.gen ; un,! in 
a docmnent of the year i;j.;0, „„o,l.er of ,he hou.e i. culled 
• Wilhelni, (ireven zu Kiuenellebogen." 
KEIGWIN (UJ. or e), White .log; a,.d they earry three in their 

Arms. (,.. de Ilond add aiaciieJl.) 
KEITH (S.) This funuly derive their origin and descent from 
the Chatti or Ca.li, now Hesse, a tribe of the Germans, who 
dwelt ,n what is now called Hease-Cas,sel, and whoso name 
(winch may have been taken from the animal sacred to Freya) 
18 preserved in Kat.enellebogen, q. v., Kat.enfurt, Kat.hausen, 
Katzenbuchel, Kat/enberg, etc., in Germany. 

About 15. C. 100, a part of this tribe descended the Rhine 
and settled in Batavia or Holland, where the name i.s also main- 
tamed in Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk aan den Khijn, Katten- 
drecht, Kattenbroek, Katswoude, etc. 

During the reign of Corbre.l II., King of Scotland, circa 
A.D. 7G, a part of these Catti en.igrated to Britain; some of 
whom, called by Fordun "Catti Meliboci," were driven to the 
northern parts of Scotland, and landed in that part called 
Kateness, or Caithness; i.e., CatlCs promontory. The Celtic 
name for that district is « Catt taobh," CaltCs side; and the 
inhabitants are styled " Cattich," or " Cattegh." Caithness is 
also called " Gall taobh," Strangers' side, way, or shore. 

The first of the tribe named by the Senachies is Gilli 
Chattan Moir, chief of the Catti, temp. King Alpine (A.D. 
831-834), from whom descended the Kethi, Keychts, Keths, 
or Keiths; and also thj MacPhersons, Macintoshes, Suther- 
lands, etc., known under the general name of the Clan Chattan. 
The ancient Celtic title of the Earls of Sutherland is " Morf hear 
ch^i," Lord Cat; literally, Great-man Cot. 

Robert, chief of the tribe, was, it is said, createa Hereditary 
Grand Marshal of Scotland by King Malcolm II., A.D. 1010 
and had lands granted to him in the south, which he called after 

6 



42 



bis own name. From him descended Herveus de Keth. who 
in authentic documents, made between the years 1104 and 1178, 
is styled " Maroscalhis Rej-is Scotiic," and also " Great Mari- 
schal." His descen<lant. Sir William Keith, Great Marischal, 
was created Earl Marischal in 1458. 
KELLEU.AIANN (©■), Steward. («-. Spencer.) 
KELLOCK (5.), Chirch or Wood lake .? Cil (©flclic), church. 

Kel (Qlcllic), wood, grove. 
KELSEY {(}:.), Wood or Ship's isle? Ciol, a ship. 
KEJIPE ((£.), Soldier, Warrior, Champion, {v. Cammin-^a.) 
KENXEGOTT ((&.), Knoxv God. 
KENRICK (dr.), Rich in kindred. 

KERAMANAC'II, de (01.), of Monk's town. Kcar or ker, 
house, manor, village, town. Kkrambklkc, de, of Priest's town. 
Kkkami'uil, de, of Pool town. Kkrantour, de, of Tower town. 
KroncOKF, de, of Smith's town. Kergournadec'u, de, of 
Manor of the man who does not flee ! The Ibunder of this 
family is said to have slain, ia the sixth century, a dragon 
which desolated the county of Leon; and to have been rewarded 
by a grant of lands, which, in remembrance of Li exploits, 
were called " Ker gour na dec 'h." Kergoz, de, of Old town. 
Kkrlosquet, de, of Burnt town. Kkrsaintgilly, de, of St. 
Giles' ioivn. Kersauzon, de, of English town. 
KERRY ((P.), Wood, Marsh, Rock, or 7v'(V^' <■ Church dwelling. 
KERKIIOFF (D.), Churchyard, {v. Capelle and Chiesa.) 
KERR (S.), The same as Carr, q. v. 

KETTERSYLIET (D.), Heretic's brook, (v. Monnickeadam.) 
KEUX, le (S.), the Cook. (v. do Koch and Kuchmcister.) 
KILHAM ((Lv), KiLiiAir and Killum (N. <g.), Kiln home. 
KILLKiREW (d.), Eagle's grove. 

KILPATRICK, de (3.), of St. Patrick's church. Kil, a ceU or 
church. 

KINDEREN, dcr (ID.), of the Children, (v. Desenffrns.) 
KINDERVATER ((g.), Child's father. 
KINGSCOTE ((P.), King's cottage. Kinsley, King's field. 
KIXLOCII (3.), Head of the lake. (v. Kane.) 



43 



KIP (N. %), anc. Kype, Tub (kuip) ? A Dutch name, which, as 
now spelt, signifies c/ucken. (v. Zuber and de Ilaan ) 

KITCHINGMAN (.£.), Kltcken.nan ! A grant of Anns to this 
name in 1C12. 

KITTREDGE or Kcteridge (dr.), Cottage on the ridge. 
KLAASSEX (D.). Klaa,. zo„„, Sou of Nicholas. 

In 1606, Vice- Admiral Renier Khmssen, of Amsterdam, 
being attacked by the Spanish admiral, Fiascardo, with ei-rht 
heavy ships, who completely surrounded him, defended hinndf 
for two entire days, and until i.is ship was such a complete 
wreck tha- the pumps could no longer keep her afloat. He 
then called together the sixty survivors, nearly all of whom 
were wounded, and, telling them of his intention to blow up 
tlie ship, gave permission to all who desirc.l to swim to the 
enemy. Not a man would leave him. They fell on their 
knees, and, after a short prayer, fired the magazine. Two 
were picked up alive, but expired in a few hours 
KLAVERWEIDE (?D.), Clover-JieM. (.. Wiesenthal.) 
KLEERSNIJDER (0.), Tailor. („. Schneider and Scliroeder.) 
l^^l^imm {U.), Clay dike, (r, Steendijk.) 
KLEIN {m.).. Little. Klkinpexking, Little penny. Klkin- 

SCHMIDT (©.), Little smith. (,,-. Littlebcy.) 
KLINGJCNTIIAL, von (©•), of Brook valley. Hlinga (©o ), 
irrooh, .vvmiain-Uream. Klinge (prov.), hill, narrow valley. 
KLixVGHAMjfER, Hammer works on a stream, or CliriK g or 
Hinging battle-hammer. Klingmuller, Brook-miller. i.Lixa- 
sroK, Jingling spur. (v. Poiiitdexter.) 
KNAPP (Of.), Hillock, Top of a hill; or Knave, Boy, or Page. 
KNOBLAUCH (©.), Garlic. '' ^ 

KNOTT (®.), Rocky summit; also Knut or Canute. 
KNOWLES m), Knoll or Hill. Oluhsow, Old hill. 
KOCH, de (D.), the Cook. (v. Cucinierc und !e Kcux.) 
KOE (EJ.), Cow. {V. Bontekoe, Metealf, la Vache, and Os.) 
KOHLER (e), Charcoal-burner, Collier. 
KOLK, van der (Ei.), of the Pit hr Abyss. 
KONIG (©.), K0N.NO (CI.), King. (v. le Roy and Kaiser.) 






'< 



44 



KONIJNENBERG (HJ.), Hahhit-warrm. 

KOOPMAN (?!.), Kaufmann (©.), C'uai'Man (C), ^crc/mn^ 

KOPERSMIT (C3.), Coppersmith. {„. I.t-rwclmiidt.) 

KOPS (O.), ^''«^. (iJ. 't Ilooft, Kouthoodl, Orostete, de' Mala- 

testi, Kane, Pen, and Testa d'Oro.) 
KORTIIALS (EJ.), Short neck. Kojn'MAN, Short man. 
KOSTER (CI.), Sexton. Laurens Jannz, Konler — Lawrence Xos- 

ier, John's son — was the inventor of printing, circa 1440 
KOUTIIOOFD (P.), Cold head. (v. Kopn „n.l Hreitlmupt.) 
KROMVLIET (ID.), Crooked ov Windiu,/ brook. 
KRUMIIOLZ (©.), Crook timber, Croohd oak. (r, Crombout.) 
KRUIJS (JD.), t'OM. GuLDE KuuvM, Golden Crogg. 
KRIJGSMAN («D.), IFamor, Soldier, (v. Kc-mpt-.) 
KUCIIMEISTER (©.), /lead cook. {,. do Koch.) 
KUHL WETTER (©.), Cool weather. («. H«honwett«-.) 
KUIIN ((<$.), ^«W, 2>fl,/My. (,;, ijaij^, ,j„4 j,, j.re,^x.) 
KUIPER (U.), CowPER, Cooper, and Iloopf-r, («.), Coo/jen 



L. 

LADRON (0p.), i?(,Jier. (*.. Rauher and dc Roover.) 
LAIGUE, de (i^.), anc. de Aqua, of the Wat,r. Lamaodeleine, 
r/ic Magdalene. Lamaison, ^Ae //om,«, iMMAnTiNE, de, of 
The martin or «(»a//«2/.. LAWonT, y/zc *«;A, (,,, Dootshooft.) 

Lamour, Love. Lamoureux, r/.c awcwa*. Lanolois, The 

Englishman. 
LAMEERE (i^.), La mere. The mother^ P.-Hmps Lamier, Tin- 

sel-maker. or Lemaire, q. v. {v. JMo.lder, Mocd.-r, and Mutter ) 
LAN, le (Ji.), of the Church. Lan, church, monaMcry. Lann or 

Ian, territory, country, region. Lann, nhrub, bmh. Lanoouez- 

Nou, de, 0/ ^^ GoueznoiCs church. Lanilis, /.r<«rf o/" the 

church. Lanouzouarn, de, o/ Iron land. Lanros, de, o/ 

Church of the plain, {v. de Roseerf.) 
LANDEW (€.), ^^ i)a..«C. church. Ll«„, ./,«rcA, ,moo^A «..«, 

enclosure. Lanpant, //o/y c/«<rc//. 



45 

LANDSCHADEN {^.), Land's ruin. (.. Bauerufeind ) 

LANGDON (e), Z««y e^«,.„ or ^.7/. Laxgknhovk/ (ffij ) 
/.o«5' /«n««. Langenhuyzen, Zow^- houses. Languals^ 
Zo«5r«eci. Laxgenmantel (©.), Zo«<y cfccc/t. Languock. 
Lotig coat. 

LARKINS (C), Z«rr^-mX or of Little Larry or Za^tTCTce 

LASTDRAGER (O.), Porter. Laundeu (€.), Washer 

LAW (®.), a?/, Eminence, {v. Low.) 

LAWRIE (0.), CW(/l;y, Fox-Uke disposition. 

LECRAW (N. (£.), La Cuoix {£.), The cross. 

LEDIGE m.), Idle. 

LEDOUX if.), The amiable. Lefrot, The reserved. Legex- 
DUE, T-Ae .o«-,-„./«^. Lemaire, The mayor. Lemperedu, 
y/« ..7j;,6ro.. Lenfant-Dieu, The infant Saviour; and they 
bear ;he holy child in their coat of arms. Leticmi-s, The time. 
Levavasseuu, The ar-iere vassal. Levieux, The old. 

LEE (Of.), Leah, Field, Field enclosing a thicket or xoood; lea 
(prov.), meadow, pasture: ley, a lake; lie 0Si.), place, dwelling, 
residence. 

LEE, van der (ID.), of the Lee or Leede, a river in Holland. 
Leie or leije, a leaf. 

LEEPOOG (B.), Squint-eye. (v. Wijaoogen.) 

LEEUW, do (B.), the Lion. Leeuwenhoek, Lion's corner. 
Leeuwenkuil, Lion's den. 

LEIIMANxY, von {<B.), of Liegeman, Vassal, ov Tenant. 

LEMAN or Lemon (®.) Dear or Beloved person is the ori-^inal 
signification of the word « leman ; » but tills surname may some- 
times be Lee man, Dweller in the field. 

LEPEL (HI.), Spoon. 

LESGTTEN, de {%.), of White court. Lesquelen, de, of Holly 
court, or Near the hollies. Le«qu,ff,ou, of Near the st>nnps. 
Lezcouet, de, of Wood court, or Near the wood. Lez, a palace, 
court; lez, 7iear. (v. Harscouet.) 
LEVEN, van 't (JD.), of the Life. (v. von Alvea.leben.) 
LEYBURN ((ff.), Field or Meadow brook. 



46 



LIllRT, (la {M.), of the Books. 
LICIITENIIAIN, von {<&.), of LiyJd forest. 
LICIITENVOORT (D.). LiylU or Clear ford. A town in Gelder- 
iand, named, perhap-^ from a ford where the water was clear. 
The name sounds like "Licht Imn voort;" i.e., Light them 
forth; and it is for that reason, I presume, tliat the family of 
Lichtenvoort give for Arms, " Az., three candlesticks or, with 
candles liglited ppr." {v. van Amersfoort.) 
LIEBEGOTT (©•), Love God. (v. Godwin and Kennegott.) 
LIEFDE, de (P.), the Beloved. Likv ..miag, Lovely day. 
LIGTVOET (m.). Light foot. {v. Piedefer and Zierfuss.) 
LILBURNE (©.), Lily brook. Lilliextiial (©.), Lily vale. 
LINDE, zur ((p.), at the Limes. 

LINDSAY (g.), LiNZEE (N. €•), Lindesig, Z»«e-;ree zWe. 
LIONS, des {£.), of the Lions, (v. de Leeuw and Lowe.) 
LITTLEBOY ((!?.), Little boy. Litti.ehale, Little hall or house, 
or Little Hal or Barry. LrrxLEJoim, Little John. Little- 
MAV, Little man. (v. Basset, Klein, and Piccolomini.) 
LLOYD (lU.), Brown or Gray; for "llwyd " signifies both colors. 
LOBWASSER (©.), Love water, (v. Drinkwater.) 
LOCKE ((£•), Lake, or Lock of a stream 01- canal. ■ 
LOMBARD (e), Banker, also Native of Lombardy. 
LONG, le {£.), the Tall. {v. le Grand, Lang, and Iloog.) 
LOO, van (JD.), of Loo. Loh {Qa%.), place, seat, stead^gulf deep 
pit ; also same as « leah." {v. Lee.) Loh (©. prov.), morass, 
bog, wood, forest. 
LORING ((g.), anc. le Loreng, Lorrainncr, or Native of Lorraine. 
LOTIIROP (e), Thorp in a low place, or on a low. 
LOW ((If.), Hlaw, Tumtdus, Grave, Heap, or Barrow; Small hill ; 
also Tract of ground gently rising. Lows (prov.), low, level land. 
LOWE ((5.), Lion. Lowenstein, von, of Lion's castle. 
LUGTHART (D.), Light heart, Gay. (v. de Blj.) 
LUNA, della (J|t.), of the Moon. Lvi-o, di, of Wolf. 
LUTHER (©.), Renoivned chief or /V<wo«s m the urmy. Hlut, 
fatuous, renowned, (v. Ileringa.) 
yi'CKLAMA a Nyeholt, van (Stia.), of Lyckle's at New forest. 



M 
M 

M 



M 

M. 



MA 

MA 



47 



LYLE and Lyell (^. N.), The Me. 

LYMAN (QF.), Ljjmne. Lympne or Lymne, co. Kent, was also 
called in ancient records Limne and Limene, and, in the Itine- 
rary of Antoninus, Lemanus, In 39 Hen. III. A.D. 1254 
Robert of Limox was one of the Sheriffs of London and 
Middlesex. Joim Lymax, of Barking, co. Essex, d. 1462. His 
will was proved Dec. IG, 14G2. Among the early settlers of 
Dorchester, Mass., was R.ciiakd Lymax, of co. Essex, who 
was made Freeman in 1G33. 



M. 

MAANDAG (d.), Moxtau (®.), Monday. (.. Zonda^^) 

MAARSCHALKERWAARD, van (©.), of Marshal: castle ov 
polder, {v. Wart.) 

MACCARTHY (J.;, Son of Carrthach, King of Cork. Mac 

Mahon, Son of Bruin or Bear. Th y derive their descent 

from Walter Fitz Urse, who slew Becket in 1171. {v. Brown.) 

Mac Manus, Son of Maonos. {r. Man.) 

MACHECOUL (f.), Machicolation. A family, now extinct, wLo 

derived their name from the town so called near Nan*** 
MACHELL ((g.), anc. Mains catulus and Mauchael, Fier.^ or 

^ffly whelp; and they bear three greyhounds in their Arm« 
MACKENZIE (g.), Son of Kenneth. Tins clan derive their 
name from the third Baron of Kintail (ob. 1328), who, bearing 
the same forename as his father, was styled Kenneth McKen- 
neth. MACLEOD, Son of I^od; but who he was is not quite 
clear, {v. Lloyd.) Malcolm, son of Tormod Macleod, obtained 
a charter from King David IL before 13G0. McMaster Son 
of the Master. Macqueen, anc. Macsweene, Son of Siveync. 
Mac Shimi, Son of Simon, the Gaelic name of the Frasers </ 
Lovat. 

MAC WORTH (Of.), Son's fc n? Maeog (Sa,.), «.««, ..„. 
MAINWARING ((£.), anc. de Mesnihvarin, Warren house or 

manor. Gai-enne («.), poultry-yard, fish-pond, stable, preserve, 

chase. 



1 


1 


i 


1 



48 



MAISONETTE, de (£.), of Litlh house. Maisons, des, of the 
Houses, (v. de Sesmaisons.) 

MAISTKE, uu {£.), of Master, Schoolmaster, or Lord of the 
matior. (t-. Aumaistre, McMaster, and de Meester.) 

MALATESTI, do' (3l.), of the Headstromjs. Tlie Malatesti were 
counts of -Riniini. Malavista, Bud eyesight. 

MALEBRANCHE {£.), Male line. 

MALEMAINS {£.), Bad han<h. Malenok, de, of Bad meudocv. 
Malestuoit, de, of Bad street or road. Malteste, de, of 
Headstrong, 

MAN, Main, or Mann ((£., 0., and 3.), Man (SI.), Mann (©.), 
Man, Servant, Vassal; also, ia the Celtic, Hero; for, in Erse, 
'• maon " signifies a hero. (v. McManus.) Tlie name may also, 
be derived from Maine (the province), Min (the island), manas' 
or mains {Q.), farm ov fields, maen (Uj.), «'o«e, Man (H.), Nor- 
man ; or from Mani, the Moon, as, in the ancient Teutonic lan- 
guages, the moon, called Mani, is of the masculine gender, and 
the sun feminine ; and it was formerly customary in some parts 
of Germany to show them proper respect by calling tl>em Mr. 
Moon and Mrs. Sun. 

According to Tacitus, the Germans had a tradition that they 
were descended from Mann (Maunus), son of Tuisco, son of 
Odin. 

When "man" occurs as a termination, it appears to have 
various meanings ; as, firstly, in the names Adelmann (q. v.), 
Bannerman, Spearman, Prettyman, which require no explana- 
tion. Secondly, to signify dealer, maker, or worker ; as, Appel- 
man (q. v.), Cheeseman, Kammann (q. v.), Saltman, Woolman. 
Thirdly, dweller in or hy ; as, Hulsemann ((j. v.). Parkman, 
Templeman, And, fourthly, serf ov vassal; as, Ileiligenmanii 
(q. v.), Konigsmann (q. v.). 

Sir Waltek Maign, Knight, lived temp. King David 
Bruce (1331-1370), from whom he got a charter: "domino 
Waltero Maign. Militi, terrarum de Auchluchry in Vice Comi- 
tatu de Abei-deen." His descendants, some of whom settled in 
other counties, wrote the name Mayne, Main, and Mann. 






49 



MAN, de (B.), the Man. Mandemakf.r, Bashet-maJcer. 
MANBY (ffi.), Man's dwelling. Manning and Manson, Man's 

son. MANNiNGiiAJf, Man's son's home. 
MANIGAULT, (f.), Maner gault, Hamlet of the loood. 
MANNINGA in Ma..,iingaborch (iTds.), Manm's soninManne's 

son's castle. 

MANS, du (S.), ofLe Mans; i.e.. The Mansion or Habitation. 
MANSELL (dc.), JVative of Maine. 
MARC'IIALLAC'H, du (C^.), of tho Public square. 
MARC'HEC, le {^.), the Horseman, {v. de Ruyter.) 
MARlilE, de la {£.), of the M.rsh. {v. de la Palue.) 
MARIE, le {£.), the Bridegroom, {v. Brautigam.) 
MARJORIBANKS {Q.), Margery's banks. A local name, said to 
have been given to the lands from their early owner, Margery, 
dau. of Robert Bruce. The original surname of this family 
was Johnston ; and they still bear the Johnston Arms, but have 
been known for centuries by the first-mentioned name. 
MARK, van der (CD.), of the March or Frontier. 
MARKHAM (f.), Field or Frontier home. 
MARKT, van der (13.), of the Market. 
MARTEL {£.), Hammer, {v. Hamer, Homer, and Skene.) 
MAUDE ((£.), anc. de Monte Alto, Montalt, and Moald, High 
mount. 

MAUDUIT (iF.), Bad aqueduct, (v. Chenduit.) Maugoret, 
Bad or Uglg pig. Maupas, de, of Bad strait or defle. Mau- 
PEAU, Bad skin. Mauvoisin, Bad neighbor, (v. Hatebahr.) 

MAURENBRECHER (JD.), Battering-ram. 

MAXWELL (0.), anc. de Macusvill, Machus's toivn. 

MAYNARD (Cf.), Manly nature or courage. 

MEARS ((if.). Mere or Lake, March or Boundary. 

MECIIELEN, te (d.), at Malines. 

MEER, van der (iJ.), of the Lake. Meerman, Lake-man. 

MEESTER, de (O.), Maistue, le {£.), the Master. Meister 
(©.), Master, (v. de Maistre.) 

MELDRUM (S.), Hill ridge or smnn^t. (v. Drummond.) 

MERODE, de (©.), of Merodf. (,.. van Berkenrode.) The 

7 



50 



Counts of Merode derive their name from Rode, i. e,, Assart, 
or Merode, in the Duchy of Juliers. One of this family was 
a General in the Catholic army during the Thirty Years' "War; 
and from him was derived the word marauder. His troops 
were noted, even in that day, for their plundering propensities, 
and were called, from their leader, "Merodeurs." There is a 
Dutch expression, " op merode gaan," to go a-maraucUng. 

MESANGUEN, de {%.), of White jidd, Mksanron, de, of 
Field of the hillnch. 

MESSER ((J5.), Surveyor. MESSEnscnMinx, Cutler. 

METCALF ((£.), Meat m^f— the Anglo-Saxons used the word 
"metecu," meat cow — ov '^ Mutty-calf" i. g., Very young calf 
also Simpleton. Calfe, Bull, Bullock, Cow, etc., are English 
surnames, (v. Kalf, Ivoe, and la Vaclie.) 

MEULEN, ter (ID.), at the MiU. Meulenaak, de, the MiUer. 

MEIJBOOM (D.), May-pole. 

MEYER and Meier (D. and (g.), Farmer, Bailiff, Seneschal, 
Mayor. 

MEZZABARBA (St.), Half uncle or Half heard. Mezzanotte, 
Midnight. Mezzofanti, Half servant or Half-infantry sol- 
dier. 

I\nCHELS, des (X), of the Michaels, or Michael family. 

MICKLETIIWAITE {(^.), Great pasture. 

MIDDELBEEK (D.), Middle brook. Middklkoop, Tolerably 

cheap, or Central market ? (v. Goedkoop.) 
MIDDENDORP (EJ.), Middle village. 
MIDDLECOT (e), Middle cottage, (v. Endicott.) 
MILCHAiM (€.), 3Iilk home. Milkman (N. (£•), Milkman. 
MILDMAY ((£.), ane. Mildeme or Mildme, Merciful judge. 

Mildred, Mild in counsel. 
MILLEDOLLAR (J^. J3.), One thousand dollars, if the name is 

of French extraction. 
MILLESIMO (3t.), The one-thousandth. 
MILTON (©.), Mill town, sometunes ; but at least three places 

now cal/ed Milton were styled by the Anglo-Saxons Middletun. 
MITTAG (©.), 3Iid-day. (v. Mezzanotte.) 



51 



MITTERMEYER ((&.), Middle-farmer, (v. Nio.lermeyer.) 
MODDER ((£.), Mother, Lass, Girl. Moderuv, Mother's dwett- 

ing. (v. Moedfcr and Mudder.) 
MOEDER (D.), Mother. Jaep Moeder, Jake Mother, was a 

churchwarden of Amsterdam in 1573. (v. Vader.) 
MOPILAU (&.), Mill brook or meadow, (v. von Ow.) 
MOHRING (®.), Mar or Moro's son. (v. Moreau.) 
MOLEN, van der (D.), of the Mill. {v. du Moulin.) 
MONDE, van der (D.), of the Mouth, (v. van Egmond.) 
MO.NNICKENDAM (U.), Monk's dam. (.. Kettersvliet.) 
MONTBRUN (£.), Brown hill. Montfauoon, de, of Falcon's 

mount. MoNTFORT, Strong mount. 
MONTELUPO, da (3t.), of Wolfs mount. Montenero, de, of 

Black mount. Monteuossi, Bed mount. 
MONTFOORT (P.), Mouth of the ford. (v. van Amersfoort.) 
MOREAU and Morel (£.), Black, Tawny, Dark-hrown ; also 
Negro, Moor. In modern French, "moreau" means a black 
horse. Morell ((£.), ^Turrey or Dark red or brown. 
MORGAN (to.). By sm. (v. Bythesea.) 
MORGENLAND (e.), Levant, Orient. Morge^uoth, Aurora, 

Morning twilight, (v. Mittag.) 
MORO, dal (3t.), of the Moor or Mulberry-tree. 
MOTTE, de la (£.), of the Castle or Hillock. 
MOULIN, du (S.), of the Mill. (v. von und zur Muhlen.) 
MOUTON, le (i^.), the Sheep, (v. Agnew and Schaap.) 
MUDDER and Mutter (©.), Mother, Matron. Mudder (prov.), 

mud. {v. Modder, Moeder, and Mutterlein.) 
MUHLEN, von und zur (©.), of and in the Mills, {v. v. d. Molen.) 
MUIRHEAD (Q.), Head of the moor. 

MULES (©.), anc, de Molis, Mills. Muller (©.), Miller. 
MURA, de' (3t.), of the Walls, (v. Indermaur and Terwal.) 
MURRAY (S.), Mor taobh or tav. Sea-shore. The co. of Moray, 
anc. Mureve, was called by the Highlanders Murav or Morav! 
The name is said to be derived irom a colony of Moravians 
who came over in the first century; but at that time the Mora- 
vians were called Marcommanni or Quadi. 



62 



MUTER and Mi;tcrer (S.), Taker of multure or mill-toll, or Mut- 

terer, Griimlkr? 
MUTTEIiLElN (©.), Mother dear. Dim. of Mutter. 
MYNLIEF (D.), My love. {v. Lamour.) 



N. 

NABER (D.), Niihmr, Mighbor? (i'. Hatebuhr.) 
NACIITGLAS (m.), Hour-glass. 

NAESMITII or Nasmyth (0.), Nail-smtth; but they bear two 
broken hammers in tlieir Arms, as if the name were No smith! 
NANGLE (jj.), anc. de f Angle, of the Nook or Comer. 
NANTS (Or.), VaUey, Brook, {v. Trenance.) 
NASII (®.), Atten ash, Ai the ash. 
NEDERHOUST, van (D.), of Nether or Loiv wood. 
NEEDHAM ((£.), N^t9 or Neofs home. 
KEEP (m.), Ne2:.'!ir''j, iousin, or Grandson, (v. Oom.) 
NEPVEU, le (fA. Uv Nephew. («. le Ny.) 
NES, van (Ci.;. ,|/'.V«!,- i.e., Cape, Promontory. 
NESSELRATIl, v. ., ((&.), of Thistle assart, (v. van Berken- 

rode and Thistlethwayte.) 
NETTELBLADT, von (iB.), of Nettle-leaf 
■ NEURATH, von (®.), of New assart, (v. van Berkenrode.) 
NEWBOLD (®.), New house, (v. BouUon.) 
NIEDERMEYER (©.), Lower farmer, (y. Mittermeyer.) 
NIEMANDSVERDRIET (H).), Nobody's affliction, sorrow, grief 
or vexation. From the Directory of Netherlands India for 
1847. The name is also to be found in Schiedam. 
NIEMANTSVRIENT, van {W.), of Nohodrjs friend ov relation. 

A nobleman of Holland, A.D. 1277. 
NIEUWENHUIZEN (©.), New houses. Nieuwentyt, Present 

time. (v. Ontijd.) Nieuwvelt, van, of New f eld. 
NOAKES (ffi.), Atten oalcs, At the oaks. 

NOBILI, de' (JFt.), of the Nobles, or des Nobles, as a French 
branch of the family are called. » 



63 

NOE or None, do la (£.), of the Memhw or Pasture. (.. Delano ) 
NOEL (in), Ni.:,.,ai.:<; ^-h C'i.uistmas (©.), Chrhtmas. 
JNONE ((g.) A iMTHo.i H„ ,,ill.;.l wuH bnricl at Wi.ulluim ; and 

as he gave nothing to th« Abbey, the following epitaph was 

made to his memory ; —m 

" Hero lyoth Non«, - „„« wf,r«., tlmn none for ouor thought • 
Ana becau*. Noii«, i.r iic.i.a to thoe, Christ, glues nought." 

NONUS (D.), The ninth. A Latin word. 

NOOIIDBEKG (E).). ^br/A /a7/. NoottnEXDonr, iVbr^A ..7W 

NOOTEBOOM (D.). Wu/nut-tree. . (.. Quittenbunm.) "^ 

NORCROSS ((£.), ^or/A .ro«, (,;. Kruy« ) 

NORDMEYEU , 3.), Morth/unner. (..Ilomeyer) 

NORMAN, de (E).), /^« ^i.ma«, 

NOS, des (£), of Ourn'l („. Ibni and Zijnen.) 

NOTTIIAFT (05.), Ne.,,, N.Hthaft, Freiherr von Weissenstein, 

JSeedy, Baron of While tmtlv. 
NY, Ic (01.), '/'e iVivV.fl«^ („, Necf and le Nepveu.) 
NYE ((£,), Atten eye, At the iHlnnd. {v. Attye.) 
NIJE(!U.),Nieuw,A^«^i* Nu.i,;,,, A^,-,, A.««e. Nijkerk, iy^ew, 

c/mrcA. Nu pel s, A^^wyi/mc/ coa<. 



0. 

0, d' (i^.), 0/ 0. An uncir'iK, house, whose name was taken either 
from the seigniory of 0, or from the town of St. Martin d'O. 
The first on record u Robcirt, Seignior d'O, temp. Henry, tenth 
Duke of Normandy. 

OBExNAUF (®.), Above, UppermoU. (.. va„ Boven.) Oben- 
THAL, High valley. 

OBERMANN (©.), Superior, Umpire. Obeumulleu, Upper 
miller, (v. Niedcrm.y,.r,) Ot.EJtwARTii, Chief hoarder or 
landlord ? 

O'BRIEN (X), Descendant of lirien ; i.e., Brien Boiroimhe, 

Kmg of Ireland, A.D. iOU2, O'Connoh, Descendant of Con- 

' nor, King of CouuaugUt. O'KzhLY, Descendant of Cellacn, 




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Prince of the Ui Many in the ninth century. O'Neill, De- 
scendant of NeiU, or Niall Noygiollach, Niall of the Nine hos- 
tages, or Niall the great, Monarch of Ireland in the fourth 
century. 

ODELL or Odehall (©.), Old house ? 

ODESCALCHI (St.), Gottschalk, q. v., or Seicant of God. 

OEHLENSCHLAGER (©.), Oil-presser. (v. Olie.) 

OEVER, ten (D.), at the Shore, (v. Okeover and Overing.) 

OGDEN ((£.), Oak valleij or pasture. 

OGILVIE (S.), O'gille buidh, Descendant of the yellow-haired 
hoy. I know of no other Scotcli name with this Erse prefix. 

OILLIAMSON, d' {£.), of Williamson, {v. de Jacqueson.) 

OKEOVER ((£.), Oak-bank. Ofer, margin, brink, bank, shore. 

OLCOTT ((£.), Old cottage, or Ilolcott, q. v. 

OLDENBARNEVELD, van (?D.), of Old barren field. Olden- 
uooM, Old tree. Oldenkot, Old cottage. 

OLDERSHAW (©.), Alder grove or wood. 

OLIE (E).), 0(7. Oi.iv.y\-v, Oil-cask. (y. Pignatelli and de Vas.) 

OLMEN, van (II.), of Elms. 

OLRICHS (©.), UoDALUicii ((So.), Freeholder or Freehold 
ruler ? 

ONDERBERG (d.). Under hill. Onderdonk (N. %), Under 
Donk ? There is a place called Donk in Brabant, (v. Undevhill.) 

ONEBYE ((If.), One or Lo?ie dwelling, (v. van de Wocstyne.) 

ONTHANK ((£.), No thanks, Ingratitude, Rudeness. A surname 
probably derived from Unthank, co. Northumberland, which 
may have been a bm-ren, ungrateful soil. (i-. Sonderdank.) 

ONTYD (?I).), Unseasonable time. (v. Nieuv/entyt.) 

OOM (E).), OiiM (©.), Uncle. Oomkens (JD.), dim. of Oom. 

OOSTDYK (O.), Fast dike. Oosten, van, of Fast. Ooster- 
ZEE, van, of Baltic sea. Oostiioek, Fast corner. 

OPDENHEYDE (ffij.). At or On the heath. Oi'dtke, At dike. 
OrnoF, At court. Oi-iioven, At courts or gardens. Opmeer, 
At lake. Oi'Stal, At stable. 

OPPERMAN (HJ.), Ifodman. 

ORD ((£.), Point, Fdge, Promontory, (v. am Ort.) 



55 



ORMEROD (®.), Mm's assart, {v. van Berkenrode.) 
OROLOGIO, dair (Jt.), of the Watch ov Clock. 
ORT, am (©.), at the End or Comer, {v. Old.) 
OS (CJ.), Ox. OsKAjip, Ox-/eW. (y. le Bocuf, Koe, and Torello.) 
OSBORN ((P.), Hero's son. An Anglo-Saxon slierift of Here- 
fordshire was named Osbearn. Beam must not be confounded 
with "beorn," hear. (v. Brown.) Osborn may sometimes be 
a local name derived from the place in co. York, at the head 
of the Ouse, called Ousebourn ; i. e., Ooze or Spring brook. 
Osgood (N.®.), Oswald; i.e., Brave lord or rider. The 
wapentake of Osgold, or Osgood-cross, co. York, derived its 
name from St. Oswald. 
OTIS or Ottis (®.), Outi\ or of Outi, Otto, or Otho. An Oati 
held lands in co. Warwick temp. Edw. Conf., and Fitz Otes was 
a Norman n-me. The first of the surname in this country, John 
Otis, of Hingham, Mass., in 1035, came from co. Somerset. 
OTTERBEEK (O.), Otterbokne (©.), Otter brook. 
OUDEN, den (H).), the Old. Oudermeulen, van der (E).), of 
the Old mill. OuDEROGGE, Old rye. In 1548, there was living 
a Jan Oom Jansz. in de Roghe ; i. e., John UncU John's son »» 
the Rye. Outhuis, Old house. 
OUSEFOOT {(I.), Foot of the spring. Ovskley, Spring-field. 
OVERBEKE (JU.), Over, Opposite, Across or Above brook, 'over- 
FELD, Over feld. Overhoff, Over court. Overkyn, Orer 
Mine. Overstege, Over lane. Overwater, Over stream. 
S". Querfeld.) 

OVERING (ffi.), Bank or Shore meadow. Overman, Shore-man. 

Overton, Shore-to-on. (v. Okeover.) 
OVERMAN (CD.), Master of a guild. 
OW ober und unter dem Berg, von (©.), of Meadow above and 

under the Hill. Au, brook, meadow, pasture. 



56 



P. 



PAAIIW, van der (D.)> of the Peacock. 

PACKARD ((£.), Picard, Native of Picardy. 

PADILLA {Qt^.), Frying-pan; and they cany three in theii' Arms. 

PAINE or Payne {(^.), Paynim ov Infidel ; Field, Plain. 

PALLAVICINI (ilt.), Near the pales ; and they carry a palisade 
in tlieir Arms. 

PALUE, de la {£.), of the Marsh, (v. van der Poll.) 

PANNEKOEK (lU.), Pancake, {v. Drooghbroodt.) 

PAOLO, di (Jt.), of Paul. Pietro, di, of Peter. 

PAPENHAUSERHEIDE {(&.), Priest's house heath. 

PARADISE ((£.), Pakadijs (JU.), Paradise, (v. Himmcl.) 

PARDESSUS, de (£), of Above, (v. Obenauf.) 

PARKER and Parkman ((£.), Park keeper or dweller. 

PARKINSON or Perkinson ((£.), Little Peter's son. 

PARROTT or Perrott ((£.), Little Peter, from the French Pier- 
rot ? One of the name, it is said, accompanied the Conqueror, 
and was father of Stephen Perrott, who settled in co. Pembroke. 

PAS, du (f.), of the Strait or I>efile. (v. de Maupas.) 

PASDELOUP (£.), Wolf's step. (v. Picdelou and Petitspas.) 

PATER (?3.), Father. In 1G48 there was an Alderman of A.i>- 
sterdam named A. Dirksz. Patek, the Latin, and another 
official styled C. Dirksz. Abba, the Syriac, for father. It would 
seem that they were brothers, being both sons of Dirk ; and 
that, while adopting the surname of Father, they had translated 
it into different languages. 

PATERNOSTER (<£. and HD.), Our Father; also the Lord's 
Prayer, and the heads used by Roman Catholics, A surname in 
Engla!id and Belgium ; but the words are Latin. 

PAUERNFEINDT (<&.), Boor's enemy. In Bavaria, b is often 
changed to p, and g to k. (v. von Perkhausen.) 

PAUNCEFOOT ((£.), anc. de Pede planco. Splay-foot. 

PEABODY ((£.), anc. Paybody, Pae body; i.e.. One handsome 
as a pae or peacock ? The name first appears temp. Hen. VIII. 



57 



Pretfyman, Freebody, Goodbody, Liglitbody, and Truebody, 
q. v., are Englisli names ; and likewise Body, which is probably 
from the Anglo-Saxon « boda," messenger, preacher, {y. de 
Beaucorps, Belhomme, and RumpfT.) 

PEARCE, Pierce, Peeres (ffi.), Piers {li. N.), Peter. Aura- 
HAM Pierce was the first of the name who settled in N. E. 
He was in Plymouth as early as 1627; A branch of his family, 
who afterwards wrote their name Pearce, settled in Gloucester, 
Mass, {v. "N. E. Hist. Geneal. Register," Boston, 1852.) 

PELHAM ((K.), Peel or Tower home, or Pool home. Pell (prov.), 
deep standing water. 

PEMBROKE (tD.), Head country. Bro, conntrg. 

PEN (<a.), Penn (C.), Head, Magistrate, Chief; also End, Ex- 
tremity, Top of a hill. {v. Kane.) 

PENAMPONT, de {1^.), of Head of the bridge. Penancoet, 
de, of Head of the wood. Penanros, de, of Head of hillock or 
plain, (v. de Roscerf,) Penanru, de, of Head of the street. 
PenfeuntenioU; de, of Head fountains or springs. Penlan, 
de, of Headland, (v. le Lan,) Penharc'u, de, of Horse's 
head. 

PENCOIT (C.), Head of the wood. (v. Woodhcad.) Penden- 
Nis, Head of the hill. Penfowne, Head of the spring ? Pen- 
hallow, Pen helga. Holy head. Pennant, Head of the valley. 
Penrose, Head of the heath, (v. Roscrow.) 

PENNA.della {M.), of the Feather ov Plume. 

PENNEFATHER ((£.), Penny-father, or penurious person. 

PERKHAUSEN, von ((©.), of Hill or Birch houses, {v. Pauern- 
feindt.) 

PETIT (jT.), Little. Petiteville, de, of Little town. Petits- 
PAS, Short steps, (v. Pasdeloup and Courtpie.) 

PFAFF {(&.), Priest, Parson. Pfafferott and Paffenrode, 
Priests assart, (r. van Berkenrode.) 

PFEILSCHMIDT (@.), Arrow-smith, (v. van der Pijl.) 

PFLUGHAUPT (©.), Head of the crowd Pflug, plough, is a 
provincialism for a troop of people. 

PFORTEN, von der (©.^, of the Gates, (v. van der Poort.) 









58 



rrCCOLOMINI (3t.)» 'Sons of Piccolo uomo or Little man. 

(/'. Littli'iniui, Kortman, and StumpfF.) 
VlVAW.VVAl {£.), Iron foot. Viv.dv.\.ov, Wolf's foot. Piede- 

VAC'lti;, Colo's foot. (v. Platvoet, Troadek, and von Barfuss.) 
riGNATKLLI (Jt,), LMe pots, literally translated, being the 
diininiitive of " pignatta ; " but, like other names of this kind, I 
takt! tliis to be Sons or Family of Pignatto or Pot. Pope Inno- 
cent, XII. was of this family. His arms were Or, three pot,i 
with ears sa. {v. Pot.) 

PKJOT (©.), PicoT (i^.), Pi«e«? with the small-pox. 

PILLS IJUllY (N. ffi.), Arrow or Peel or Tower burgh; being pro- 
bably derived from the town named Pilesborough, in England. 

PIN-1)E-M0NTE (3t.), Mountain Pirn. 

PINS, des {i'.), of the Pines, (v, Pijnakker.) 

PISTOL LET (iF.), Pistol; and they carry two in their Arms. 

PLATVOET (m.), Broad foot. (v. Pauncefoot and Ligtvoet.) 

PLOUNKVEZ, de C^.), of Mw village. V\o\.i, country. 

POINT DHXTEIl (e), Poigndestre (X N.), Prick or Spur 
stvvd, A Percy was called Hotspur ; and a Scott of Harden, 
Wudspurs. ((". Klingspor.) 

POLAK (P.), Pole, Native of Poland. 

PO LCJ U !•: KN (C.), Pol Goran, Pool of St. Goran ? Polwhele, 
Pwllheli, Salt-water pit or pool. 

POLK or Pollock (S,), Pollag, Little pool, pit, or pond ^ The 
» PoUotiks of that ilk v.'ere a family of good standing in the shire 
of Renfrew. 

Itt^iiKiiT Por.K or Pollock, born in Ireland, and probably a 
deseendtmt of the Scotch family, emigrated to America early in 
the cigiiteenth century, and was ancestor of James ICnox Polk, 
President of the U. S. of A., b. 1795 ; ob. s. p. 1849. 

POLL, van do (EJ.), of the Pool, Fen, or Marsh, {v. de la Palue.) 

PONT, du {£.), of the Bridge, {v. de la Puente.) 

POOK (D.), Dagger, (v. Skene, Degen, and Zuckschwerdt.) 

POORT, van der (D.), Pokte, de la {£.), Porta, della (3t.), 
(;/■ the Gate. (y. von der Pforten and Gates.) 

POORTEll, do (E).), the Citizen or Burgher. 



59 



PORC, le (£.), the Bog. (v. Maugoret and Schaap.) 

PORZAMPARC, de CH.), of Gate cf the park. 

POSTHUMUS (d.), Posthumous. A Latin word. 

POT(iD.), Po^ Nobles of" Flanders, knighted 1421. Ai-ms: Or, 
a pot with two ears and three legs sa. (v. Iloncypot.) 

POULDOURAN, de (%.), of Otter's, pool? Poull, moat, ditch, 
hole. PouLOUiziAU, de, of Pool of the rivulet? Poulpky, 
du, of the day-pit. A Seigneur du Poulpry was a Crusader 
in 1248. 

POWELL (to.), Ap Howell, Son of Howell, {v. Howell.) 

POWER (3.), anc. le Poer, Poher (R.), or Native of Poix. 

POWYS (to.), Lordship on the Wye. Po or pcu, province, lord- 
ship, 

POYVRE, le {£.), the Poor. (v. St. Savoyre.) 

POZZO di Borgo (3t.), Well of the Suburb or Town. 

PRAAT, de (m.), the Proud, (v. Balch.) The Saxon "prut" 
has becom "prat" in Dutch, and "proud" in En'^lish. 

PRATBIHAN, de (!A.), of Little meadow. 

PRATO, dal (St.), Pee, du {£.), of the Meadow. 

PRATT or Prat ((g.). Crafty, Subtle, Politic. A like name to 
that of a king of Norway, caUed Ligialldr the Cunning. This 
surname may also sometimes be the same as " de Praat," q. v., 
but perhaps more frequently a corruption of the Latinized name 
de Prato, — i. e., of the Meadow, Pasture, Green, or Common,— 
or from the French du Prat. In the patois of Gascony and 
Auvergne, "prat" signifies a meadow, green field, court, or 
place. 

PRESCOTT ((ff.), anc. de Prestecote, Priest's cottage. 

The Hon. William H. Prescott, of Boston, the historian, 
is son of the Hon. Judge William Prescott, grandson of 
Col. William Prescott, an officer of the Revolution, and 
great-grandson of the Hon. Benjamin Prescott, of Mass., 
member of the Governor's Council (ob. 1735), whose grand- 
father came from co. Lancaster. 

PREUX, le {£.), the Brave, {v. Kuhn.) 

PRIDEAUX {%. N.), Near the waters. 



60 



PBINGLE (S.), Pilgrim. Such is said to be tlio monninj?; and 
there appears to be some probability in tho tnulilion; for they 
carry in their Arms escallop shells, the badges of a pilgrim. 

PRUDIIOME (^.Jf.), PiiiLiiAM (Or.), rreud'honuno (U.), Wise 
and prudent man. 

PUCKLER ((g.), Buckler, (v. Pauernfeinilt.) 

PUENTE, de la (Qp.), of the Bridge, (v. dn Pont.) 

PUGH (tD.), Pkw (6.), Ap Hugh, Son of Hugh. 

PURDEY (Oc.), Proud, Surly, Rude; also a little ihirhset fdlow. 

PUTNAM or Puttenham (®.), Ifome of the pits or wells. 

PUTTEN, van der (J3I.), of the Wells. 

PUYFERR1&, de (£.), of Chalybeate spring. Puvs, du, of the 
Well, mil, or Hill pasture. Puy (H.), hillock, eminence, pasture 
on a kill. 

PIJL, van der (?D.), of the Arrow, (v. de la Floclio.) 
PIJNAKKER (d.), Pine-field. (v. Piu-do-Monto tuxl dos Pins.) 



Q. 

QUAATGELAAT (ffil.), Bad face, Evil countenance. 

QUADTMANN (©.), Bad, Cunning, or Deceitful man. 

QUAKENBOSCH, van (H).), of Quacking wood. Kwokcn, to 
croak, as frogs; to quack, as ducks. 

QUARLES ((£.), Stone-quarries, (v. Umbgrove.) 

QUARR6 (f.). Square, (v. Massif des Carreaux.) 

QUARTDEVILLE, de (J.), of Fourth part of the tomi, or of 
Town watch, or of Ward or Quarter of the town. 

QUAST ((&.), Fop, Coxcomb ; literally, Knot, Tassel. 

QUATREBARBES, de (S.), of Four barbs or horses. Quatre- 
FAGES, de, of Four beeches. Qtjatremaires, Four mayors f 
QuATREMAREs, Four pools ov marshes ? QuATmaaiiiu, Four 
mothers ? These three may aU be corrupUons of tho same 
name; and, if the last is its true form, it may have originated 
with one who had had tliree step-mothers. Quatresols, Four 



61 



soils or latids, or Four pence. Quatrevaux, de, of Four val- 
leys. Quatre-Ykux, Four Eyes. Perhaps he wore spectacles. 
QuATKEMAYNES (QV. N-), Four hands. Arms : A fesse be- 
tween four hands. Qlatuocchi (Jt.), Four eyes. Quattuo- 
MANi, Four hands, (r. von Vieref'^.'i 
QUEBRIAC, (le (^.), of Brieuc's ford. Querenoal, de, of 

Frenchman's ford. 
QUEINGOFF (C^.), White-smith ? (v. le Goff and Ic Gwen.) 
QUELP:N, de C^.), of Holly. Kelen, a hollytree. 
QUELLIIORST ((5.), Well wood, Spring grove, {v. Bronkhorst.) 
QUERENGASSER (©.), Dweller in a cross-street, (v. de Bellc- 

rue, de Penanru, and Strada.) 
QUEllFELTt ((Q.), Across feld. qvmtvvuT, Across ford. Quer- 

UBER, Across, Over against, (v. Uiberaeker.) 
QUERIIOENT or Kcrc'hoent, de, of Handsome castle, (v. de 

Keramanac'h and de Beauchateau.) 
QUESNOY, du (i^.), of the Oaks. {v. Duchesne.) 
QUICK (©.), Active, Nimble, {v. Sprague, Swift, and Fleet.) 
QUIEN, le {£.), the Dog; and they bear one in their Arms. 
QUIN (3.), White? {v. le Cann, le Gwen, and Wynne.) 
QUINBY (®.), Queen's dwelling. Quinton, Queen's town. 
QUINCY ((£.), Quince-tree plot. An English name since the 
conquest; derived from a place in France. As early as A.D. 
C54, an abbey was founded near Poitiers, called Quincay, Quin- 
Say, or Quincy. (v. du Quesnoy and de Saulcy.) 

Edmond Quinsey, of Boston, Mass., was a Deputy to the 
General Court in 1634. 
QUINQUABRES, or Cinq-arbres, des {£.), of Five trees. 
QUINTUS (m.), The fifth. A Latin word. 
QUITTENBAUM (@.), Quince-tree. (v. Nooteboom.) 
QUIXLEY (ffi.), QuiGLEY (N. €.), Field of hedge-plants, or 
Field surrounded by a quick-set hedge. 



62 



R. 




RADCLIKFE {(£.), anc. do Ruhro cllvo, RedcUff. 
KADEMAKEll (D.), Wliedwriyht. (r. CImrron.) 
liALEIGII ((£.), Roebuck's field. («. RoclioiHt and van Rcncssc.) 
RALSTON (9.), Ralph's town. (r. Johnston.) 
RAiAIS BOTTOM (©.), Wild-fjarlic valley ov low ground. Tams- 

i)KN, Wild-f/arlic vaUey or vulture. 
RAMSEY (©.), Rainmesig, Ham's island. 

RAMSPERGER (©•). ^ioc//er on the Romherg or Yarn's mount. 
RAUIJER {(&.), Robber, (v. Ladron, Taillebot, and Baueinfeind.) 
RAVEN (D.), Rarens. Ravknswaai, van, of Ravens' lake. 
READ, Reed, or Reid (Qf.), Red, and perhaps sometimes Wood. 

Reid (prov.), a re/y small wood. (v. Rothe ond le lioiigc.) 
REDIIAM (Qt.), -fferf or Reed home. Redmeue, Red or Reedy 
lake. RicDiioND, Protector or Safe in counsel, (v. Hammond 
and Mildred.) 
HEFAIORST (TH.), Beer's wood or grove. (i>. Raleigh.) 
REEVES and Rives ((£.), Reeve, Sheriff, Steward, Bailiff. 
REGT, de (U.), the Right, the True. Regtsom, To the right. 

On the right hand. Reotdoouzee, Right through sea. 
RENESSE, van (l3.),of Renesse; i.e., Deer's cape. (y. vanNes.) 
Pierre du Terrail dit Bayard is world-reuowned ; but two 
centuries before " le bou Chevalier, sans peur et sans reproche," 
there lived a noble Zeelander, John van Renesse, who was called 
" De vroome en onversaagde Ridder ; " i. e., The pious and 
fearless knight. 
RENSSELAER, Van (N. S-), Of Rensselaer ; i. e., Beer's couch, 
Hart's harbor. The Van Rensselaers came from Gelderland. 
(v. Raleigh.) 
REVERE (©.), River, (v. du Rieu and del Rio.) 
RICE, Rhys, or Rees (U).), Red? A name borne nearly eight 
centuries ago by Rhys ab Tewdwr ab Eineon ab Owen ah 
Howell Dda, or, as sometimes styled, Rhys ab Tewdwr Mawr ; 
i. e., Rice, son of Tudor, son of Eineon, son of Owen, son of 
Howell the Good, or Rice, son of Tudor the Great, (v. le Roz.) 



63 



RTDDER (D.), RiTTKu (©.), J^nioJit. 

UIDr.KV or U,..ll,.irrh ((P.), Reed in- Jiush field. 

UIHMKNSCIINKIDKll (©.), Hamess-miiker. 

lUKU, (lu (i^,), of the liivcr. {v. del Kio.) 

KK), del (Sp.), of the River. Rios, do lo^, of the Rivers. 

RIPLKY (©.), River-bank fteld. 

ROBINSON {(£.), Robin's son. Sir John Beveiiley Roiijnso\, 

Bart., Chief Justice of Canada West, is son of Ciiimstoi-hku 

RoiiiNsoN, ¥m[., an American Loyalist, and an oflicer of the 

Queen's Rangers, who d. 171)8. 
^^^'^^> ^fi C^-), of the Rock, lioc'h, a rock on terra frma. Kar- 

reg, a rock in or near the sea. Roc'iimblin, de, of Yellow rock, 

(y. de la Roche.) 
ROCIIE, de la {£.), of the Rock or Castle. Rochekort, de, 

of Stronff castle. Rochefoucauld, de la, of Ftdk's castle. 

R0CUE.IACQUELEIN, de la, of Little James's castle, {v. von und 

zum Stein.) 

RODDAJI or Rodham (®.), Rood or Cross home. 
RODP: ((£.), Rood or Cross, or perhaps Rodeland. (v. von Rode.) 
RODE, von (©.), of Assart, (v. van Berkcnrode.) 
RODENBEEK (El.), Red brook. Rodenbeuo, Red mount. 

RoDENnuRGii, Red castle or borouffh. Rodenwald, Red or 
Uprooted wood. (v. von Rode.) 
ROODE, de (D.), the Red. Roodiiuyzen, Red houses. 
ROORDA, van (Stis.), of Ruurd's. (r. Abbema.) 
ROOSEBOOM (JD.), Rose-tree. Rosecr • >. Rose-wreath. 
ROOVER, de (D.), the Robber. The first oi' this family on record 

was Edmond de Roover, Lord of Rode, in the mayoralty of 

Bois-le-Duc, living A.D. 1179. (v. Rauber.) 
ROPER ((£.), Rope-maker, Crafty fellow, Rogue. One family of 

the name were, however, originally styled Musard; which was 

changed to de Rubra spatha, and corrupted to Rospeare, Rou- 

spee, Rooper, and Roper. 
ROS (J3.), Horse. Roskam, Horse-jockey; lit., curry-comb. 
ROSCERF, de (21.), of Stag's hillock. Ros, a hilhck, ground 

gently rising, a plain. Ros, a rose. Roscoet, du, of the Rose- 



64 



wood. Arms: Ar. three roses gu. Rosmadkc, «le, of Plain 
of richness. Kostreenkn, dc, of Thorn roset, or Hill of 
thorns. IIosvkp.n, tie, of I/ill of alders. 
KOSCliOW (C), Heath hut. Kos, heath, moor, champaign, mea- 
dow, promontory; also a rose. Crou, hut. UosciiuoE, Heath 
hillock or mound. 
ROTCII uiid Roacili (N. (g.) The same as do hi Roche, q, v. 
ROTHE ((B.), Red. Roriiscnii.o, von, of Red shield. 
ROUGE and Roux, le {£.), the Red. Rousskau and Roussel, 
Med haired ov complexioned. Dinunutivus of Roux. Rouqe- 
MAisoN, de, of Red house, {v. Rice, de Roode, Kolhe, Roy, 
le Roz^ and Russell.) 
ROY (S.), Red. lioY, le {£.), the King. 
ROZ, le C^.), the Red. Rozek, dimuiutive of Roz? Ruz, red. 

(t>. Gwuzik.) 
RUGELY (e), Jiye-feld. 

RUIGROK (JD.), Rough, Woody, or Shaggy coat. {v. Schonrock.) 
RUITENSCHILD (©.), Diamond ov Lozenge shield 
RUMPFF (©.), Trunk, Jhdy, Torso, {v. Buik and Peabody.) 
RUN, le (^.), of the Hillock. 

RUSSELL ((£.) The same as Rousseau and Roussel, q. v. 
RUYTER, de (ID.), the Rider. Michiel Adriaansz. de Ruyter,— 
i.e., Michael de Ruyter, Adrian's son, — was the greatest Admi- 
ral of the Netherlands.' At the battle of the Four Days, in 
ICGG, with a fleet of eighty-five ships, he attacked the English 
fleet of eighty sail under Monk and Prince Rupert. The 
combat lasted four days, when the English retreated, having 
lost eight ';housand in killed and wounded, besides twenty-three 
vessels ; while the loss of the Dutch consisted only of two thou- 
sand killed and wounded, and four vessels. 
RIJCKEVORSEL, van (CD.), of Rijckevorsel ; i.e.. Rich frog ; 
and the Baron van Rijckevorsel carries golden frogs in his Arms, 
which are Vert, three frogs or. 
RIJK or Rijke (H).), Rich. The latter form is generally written 
in New York as pronounced ; viz., Riker. 



65 



S. 

SACIITLEBEN ((&.), SAcnxLKVKK (O.), Quiet or Peaceable 

dwelling, {v. von Alvensleben.) 
SACROIHJSTO, de (ll.), of Ifoty bust, 

SAIN do Boi^lecompto (£.), Sound or Health;, of the Count's wood, 
(v. Hale.) 

SAINT ANTIIOINE, de {£.), of St. Anthony. Saint Sauveur, 

Jfolg Saviour. Sajnte Helene, de, of St. Helena. Sainte 

Suzanne, de, of St. Susan. 
ST. SAVOYRE or St. Saviour a. JI.), anc. Saunzavier, ?fW,o«« 

M<a/e. (v. Sonderlant.) 
SALTONSTALL (©.), ^a/<-to«,„ place, stead, or aSorfe. 
SAN JUAN EVANGELISTA, de (5v)> of St. John the £can. 

gehst. Santa Cruz, de, of Holy Gross. Santos, dc los, of 

the Saints. 

SANCHEZ (Sip.), Sancho's. {v. Diaz and Yanez.) 
SANCTIS, de' (Jt.), of the Saints. Sangiougio, ,\ of St. 
George. San Giovanni, di, of St. John. S. Catuaiuna da 
Siena, di, of St. Catherine of Siena. 
SANDE, ten (HJ.), at the Sand. Sanford (©.), Sand ford. 
SARGENT (ffi.), ^e;-5rean<. In the twelfth century, the Itoyal 
body-guards of England and France were called Servientes 
Armorum, or Serjens d'armes ; i. e., Servants at Arms. 
dAUER (©.), Sour, Crabbed, Peevish, (v. Zuurmond.) There 
is one old family styled Sauer whose name n.-y be derived 
from the river Sau near their estates. Sauerbier, Sour beer. 
{v. Dunnebier.) Sauerbrey, Sour broth. Saueressicii, Sour 
vinegar. Sauermann, Sour man. Sauerwein, Sour wine. 
SAULCY, de {£.), of Willow-tree plot. (r. Frezeau.) 
SAURET {£.), Sorrel, Brownish yellow, (v. Geele.) 
SAYER (C.), Saer, Sawyer, Carpenter, (v. Timmerman.) 
SCALA, della (Jt.), of the ladder. 

SCARLFT (<£.), Bright red? (v. VermiglioU and Rousseau.) 
SCHAAP (m.), Sheep, (v. le Mouton and Kalf.) 



66 



SCIIAAKWACHTEE ((&.), Watchman, (v. Wiikeman.) 
SCHAlillACQ (©.), Housings, Caparison. 
SCHELTINGA, van {£x\^.), of Schelle's race. (y. iEbinga.) 
SCHERMER (E).), Fencer, Fighter; but the name may some- 
times be a corruption of " Beschermer," Defender, Protector, 
Patron. Sciiermeuiiorn (N- i}.), Corner of the Schermer, u 
polder in Holland. The New- York surname is undoubtedly- 
derived from the village of Schcrmerhorn in North Holland. 
SCniMMEL (HJ.), White or Gray horse, (v. Whitehorse.) 
. SCUIMxAIELPENNINCK (D.), White horse penny. An old 
family, whose origin is uncertain, but who have for centuries 
ranked among the nobles of Gelderland and Zutphcn, One of 
the name was also a burgomaster of Cologne in 1409 ; and, the 
same year, another held the office of alderman of Brussels. 

Perhaps they came originally from Cologne, the Electors of 
which bore the white horse of Witikind in their Arms; and 
they may have been mint-masters, and coiners of a penny 
stamped with a « schimmel," that emblem of our Saxon ances- 
tors still preserved in the Arms of Hanover. Or they may 
have been Treasurers, and receivers of a tax paid in " Schim- 
mel pennies." I presume there have been pennies so styled, 
either properly or vulgarly ; for horses are to be found on many 
of the old German coins. Their Arms are, " Ar. two keys in 
saltire sa., in the bows or rings a cross of the first." I do not 
know how the office of Treasurer was conferred in Germany ; 
but, in England, it was formerly done by the delivery of the 
golden keys of the Treasury. The first quarter of the Arms of 
Cologne is, " Ar., a cross sa. ; " hence, perhaps, the cross in the 
bows of the keys. 
SCHLEYSS, zu der (®.), at the Sluice, (v. Versluys.) 
SCHLOSSGANGL (©.), Castle lane. (y. Smallegang.) 
SCHMETTERLING {(&.), Butterfly. 

SCHMIDT auf Altenstadt, von ((©.), of Smith at or in Old town. 
This liouse, nobles of the H. R. E., anciently bore the Latin 
name Faljricius ; which was translated into German, with the 
addition, •• auf Altenstadt," by imperial license, in 1713. 



67 



SCIINEIDER (©.), Tailor. ScHNF.iDERwmTn, Tailor host.- 
1. e., Landlord of Tailor's Inn. {v. Schroeilcr.) 

SCIIOExNMAKER {U.), Shoemaker, (v. Schuohardt.) 

SCIIONAU (©.). Fairjield, q. v. Sciionkocx, I^ine coat. 
ScHONWETTKU, Fair weather, q. v. (v. Lievendag.) 

SCIIOONHEID (D.), Beauty. Schooniioven, van" of Schoon- 
hoven. "Hoven" means courts; « hoeven," /«'•'»« • but the 
latter part of tliis name is probably a. corruption of "haven," 
as tlie town has a good harbor for small craft, and might safely 
be styled " Schoonhaven," Fairhaven. 

SCHREIBER (©.), Sciikijveh (O.), Scrivener, Ic, Purser. 

SCIIROEDER ((5.), Tailor, (v. Schneider and Klecrsnijder.) 

SCIIUBART and Schuster (©.), Cobbler. Sciiuchaudt and 
Schumacher, Shoemaker, (v. Schoenmaker.) 

SCIIUITEMAKER (P.), Boat-builder. 

SCHWAGER ((S.), Brother-in-law or Postilion; for German 
postboys are often so called, (v. Sustermann.) 

SCHWARZ ((5.), Black. SciivvAnzENBEBG, von, of Black 
mount, (v. Zwart.) 

SEARS (€.), anc. Sare, Snyer, Seyer, etc., Wisetnan, Seer? 
From Adam Sake, of Hougham, co. Kent, who d. 134G, de- 
scended the Sears of Colchester, co. Essex ; one of whom, 
Richard Sayres, removed in 1537 to Holland, whence, in 
1G30, his great-grandson, Richard Sears, emigrated to New 
England. He had three sons, Knyvet, Paul, and Sylas. From 
the eldest descended the Hon. David Sears, of Boston, a 
Senator of Mass., b. 1787, now the representative of the family. 
SENHOUSE ((£.), anc. de Sevenhouse, Savin-tree house « 
SEPTCHENES, de (£.), of Seven oaks. (v. Sevenoke.) 
SERAERTS, t' (CD.), the Sir Arthur's. The style " Sci ' for 
nobles has been obsolete in the Low Countries for centuries. 
In the abbreviation of het, in Flanders, the apostrophe was 
formerly placed after instead of before the t, as at present. 
Serroelofs, t', the Sir Ralph's. Serooskerkex, van, of Sir 
Joost or Justus's church. Slhsanders, Sir Sander's, {v. Sire- 
Jacobs and T'Serclaes.) 



68 



SESMAISONS, de (£.), of His houses, or of Six houses. 
SESTICH, van t' (H).), of the Sixty. An old Flemish family, 

who carry six Roman X's in their Arms. 
SEV£I;BTTRGEN, van (JD.), of Zevenhergen ; i.e., Savin or 

Seven hills. 
SEVENOKE ((ff.). Seven oaks. (v. Siebcneicher.) 
SEYMOUR CJ.), St. Maur, also Seamere ; i. e., Seamer, Tailor. 
SHAPLEIGH (®.), Schepleah, Sheep-field. {v. Eveleth.) 
SHATSWELL (©.), Chad^s well? Shattuck, ChacCs oak, if a 
corruption of the name Chadock ; or Chad^s hollow, brook, or 
comer. Doke (prov.), small hollow, small brook. Hoke, ncok 
or corner, (v. Chadborn.) 
SHAW (Of. and 0.), Thicket, Grove, Wood, in England and the 
Lowlands ; but the Highland family of Shaw are a branch of 
the M'Intoshes, in whose early history often occurs the forename 
of Scha, Schea, or Shaw, probably the same as the Erse Shawn ; 
i. e., John. 
SHEEPSHANKS (ffi.), Sheep's legs. (v. Piedevache.) 
SHELDON (©.), Shell hill. Shelly, Island in a river. 
SHELTON ((g.), Shell town. The rebus to the name is a shell 
upon a tun. Daniel Shelton, of co. Derby, Eng., emigrated 
to N. E., and settled in Stratford, Conn., where, in 1680, he pur- 
chased lands still held by his descendants ; one of whom, Philo 
Strong Shelton, Esq., removed to Boston, m. Georgiana 
Albertina, dau. of Benj. Parrott Homer, Esq., and has issue. 
SHERBURNE ((£.), Clear or Shire brook. 
SHERMAN (©.), Shearman or Cbthworker. 
SHURTLEFF ((£.), Shire cliff, or White or Bright cliff, cave, os 

dwelling. A surname derived from Shiercliflf, co. York. 
SICKINGA (iTrig.), Sikke's son or descendant, (v. -^binga.) 
SIEBENEICHER ((B).), Dweller by the seven oaks. 
SILSBEE (N. C), Selby or Silby ((g.), Good dwelling, (v. By.) 
SILVER (®.), Silver, {v. Zilver.) Silvertop, White head? 
SIRE-JACOBS (BD.), Sir Jacob's, (v. t' Seraerts.) 
SIXSIA (ifrie.), Sikke's, or of Sikke. (v. Abbema.) 
SKENE (0.), Bagger, (v. Pock, Degen, Isebrants, and Homer.) 



69 



SKINNER (C), Deahr in skins, Flayer. 

SLADE (e), Valley, Ravine, Plain. 

SLAGREGEN (JU.), Pouring rain. (y. Stofregen.) 

SLOOT, van der {m.), of the Ditch. 

SLOTEMAKER (?D.), Locksmith. ' 

SMALLEGANG {m.). Narrow lane. («. Schlossgangl and Strada.) 

SMID, Smidt, Smits, and Smitt (ID.), Smith, (v. Schmidt.) 

SNELL ((g.), Agile, Hardy. Snelling, Son of Snell. 

SNELLEBRAND (JD.), Quick fire. {v. Tizzoni and Vuurpijl.) 

SNIJDEWINDT (O.), Cut the wind. {v. de Tranchemer.) 

SOMERBY (®.), Summer dwelling. Somerfield, Soinerland, or 
Ground that lies fallow all summer ? 

SOMMERFELD (©.), Field sown with spnng corn. 

SONDERDANK (IB.), Without thanks, Thankless. Willem Son- 
derdank, a noble of Holland, A.D. 1346. (v. Onthank.) There 
was a Count of Oostervant called John without Grace or Mercy 
(Johan sonder Genade) ; and a Bishop of Liege bore the same 
name (Jean sans Pi tie). 

SONDERLAND (@.), Freehold land. (v. Sunderland, Buck- 
land, and Freeland.) Sondermann, Freeholder, Franklin, q. v. 

SONDERLANT (VS.), Without land, Lackland. Willem Sonder- 
lant was living in 1374. As he was a follower of Albert of 
Bavaria, Count of Holland, the name may be German (Son- 
derland, q. v.) ; but it does not bear the prefix " van," as local 
names then generally did. (v. Habenicht, Notthaft, le Poyvre, 
and St. Savoyre.) 
SONNESCHEIN (®.), Sunshine, (v. Schonwetter.) 
SPENCER (®.), Steward, Butler, (o. Kellermann.) 
SPESSHARDT, von ((©.), of Woodpecker's hill. Hart or harr, 

a woody hill. 
SPEYARD (JD.), Sorrowful, Sad, or Cross disposition ? 

When the Archduke Maximilian visited Ghent, in 1485, he 
sent for the chief magistrate, Matthew Speyard, and said that he 
intended to create him knight. Speyard instantly fell upon his 
knees, taking the Duke by surprise, as he was in the act of being 
disrobed, and therefore disarmed; but, seeing him kneeling, 



Mi 



'M 9 1: 



70 



(v. Dnyvol.) 

Two of the name in 



Maximilian snatched a boot, still covered with mud, from the 
liands of his valet, and gave the accolade therewith. 
SPITTLE (5.), Jf,,y>,-tal. 

Sl'lTZIIUTir {{&.), Pointed hat. (r. Stahlhuth and Capclli.) 
SrONER or Spooner ((£.), Spooii-mahr ? liali)h Spooner (prov.), 
a fool. 

SPRAGUE (©.), Sprag or Sprack, Qaich, Lively, Active. 
SQUARCIALUPI (Jt.), liend loolves, Wol/.deslro;/er ? 
STAAL (D.), Steel. Staiiliiutii (®.), Steel hat. (v. Spitz- 
huth.) 

STAD, van de (B.), of the Totvn or City. 
STAMKART (D.), Genealogical chart! 

Amsterdam Directory for 1851. 
STAMIOPE (©.), Stone hill. Stanton, Stone town. 
STARCKE (03.), Strong. STAUKicNHOurii (D.), Strong castle. 
STEEGH, van der (E!.), of the Lane. {v. Tersteeg andStrada.) 
STEENBERGEN (P.), Stone hills. Stekndyk, Stone dike. 

Steenstuani), Stony strand. 
STEIN, von nnd zum (©.), of and in the Castle. Steinbach, 

Stony brook. 

STERK (D.), Strong, (v. Starcke and le Ver.) 

STEWART (5.), Steward. One of the most common names in 

Scotland. Queen Mary spelt her name Stuart, there being no 

w in the French or Gaelic languages. 
STIEGLITZ (e.), Goldfnch. (v. le Canaber.) 
STmSTRA (Stis.), Castle place? (2;. van Camstra.) 
STOFREGEN (B.), Fine rain. Mist. (y. Slagregen.) 
STOKVIS (EI.), Stockfish, {v. Butevisch, Fisk, and Vis.) 
STORER (0.), Storare, Storour, Overseer of flocks. 
STOUTKIND (ID.), Naughty or Saucy child. 
STRACHAN (0.), Strath Aan, Valley of the Aan. 
STRADA (iJt.), Street. Stradeli.a, Lane. Straatmann (©.), 

Street man, Streeter. Strasse, Street. Straten, van der (B.)', 

of the Streets, (v. Querengasser, Smallegang, van der Steegh, 

op de Weegh, AVhiteway, and Zellweger.) 
STRICKLAND ((£.), Stirkland, or pasture for steers. 



71 

STRIx\GER and Sfringfdlow ((g.), now-stnmj maker. 
STJIONUI'TIIAIIM ((g.), Strong in the arm. (.. Fortebracci ) 
STUIVKIl (D.), Pcnnij. (v. Kleinpcnnin-.) 
STIJMFF (©.), Slump or Trunk of a tree; also Dull or Stupid, 

Infirm, Stumpy, or Short, {v. Zoiiclie.) 
STUYVESANT (N. 11), Stuifzand (D.), <2«.c/^m«e/. 
SUNDERHOF ((15.), Oyster court <} 
SUxNDEIiLAND (©.), FreehoM land. (v. SorKlcrlan.l.) 
SUKIXGAR (i^ris.), SJoerd or Synrd's sons or descendants. Tho 
only Frisian name known to me having thi.s ph.ral termination. 
(v. ^Ebmga.) It bears some resemblance to that of the Serin- 
gas (Seringum) mentioned in the Traveller's Son"-. 
SURTEES (^. JC.), iu.c. Sur le Taysc, On the Tees. 
SUSS (©.), Sweet, Amiable. Sussiuni>, Sweet child. Suss- 

miix'ii, von, of Fresh milL 
SUSTERMANN (©.), Sister's hmhand. Brother-in-law. 
HWANENBURG, van (JD.), of Swan's castle, (v. Zwaan ) 
S WARTWOUT (51. jl.), niack wood. (.. Zvvar, and van 't Wont ) 
SWETT and Sweet (ffi.), Amiable, {v. llab^usque, Ledoux, Suss, 
and de Zoete.) 

SWIFT ((£.), Agile, Fleet; also (prov.) Stupid fellow. 



T. 

TAILLEBOT (i^.), Pillager. Talebot («.), ;„7%,,, </„v^. ^ 

Capt. Taillebot was ennobled in 15C2. {v. Ladron.) 
TAILLEFER, de (i^.), of Cut iron. Arms: A hand holding a 

sword cutting a bar of iron. {v. do Tranchemer.) 
TAK, van der (JD.), of the Branch. 
TALBOT (^.N.), Marsh end or abode? Tal (H.), mire, mud, 

ooze, marsh; bot or bod, extremity, end; bode, small house, 

dwelling. 

TALCARNE ((£.), Front or Head of the heap or barrow ' 
TALIIOUET, de CK.), of Front of the wood. 
TALLBOYS (C^. 2^.), TaiUebuis, Copse, Hurst, Underwood. 



If 



72 



TAPPER (C), Innkeeper. T/ sker, Thrasher. 
TASSO (Jt.), Badger, (v. von Thurn und Taxis.) 
TAUIlRrANN {(&.), £>eaf7nan. 

TKNOKLKU (HI.), Ten hengclaar, At the Angler? Tkncjel- 

lioi-K, Ten cngclliof, At the Angers court ? Tentije, Ten 't IJ, 

At the river IJ? Tenwinkel, At the shop or comer, (v. von 

Winkcl.) 

TKNISON (Of.), Son of Denis; although a family of the name 

claim tliat it was anciently Tunesende ; i. e., Townsend. 
TKIUmUCGEN {m.),At the bridges. Teusteeg, yf< the lane. 
Tkuveen, At the fen. Tekveek, At the ferry. Tekwal, At 
the wall. Teuavindt, At the wind? (v. van der Wind.) 
TKItPSTllA (Stie.), Mound place? (w. van Camstra.) 
TKUUY (©.), I'hierry or Theodurich. (v. Dirckinck.) 
TKHTllI-:, du {£.), of the Hillock, (y. de la Motte and le Run.) 
TKSSIIOR and Texier {£.), Weaver, (r. Weber.) 
TKSTA p'ORO (Jt.), Head of Gold. (v. Kops.) 
TIIISTLKTIIWAYTE ((g.), Thistle assart, {v. von Nesselrath 

and Tiiwaites.) 
TIIORP (ffi.), Village, (v. van Dorp.) 
THROCKMORTON (<£.), The rock moor town. 
THURN und Taxis, von {(&.), of Tower and Badger. The 
Princo de Tour et Taxis, as styled in French, carries in his 
Arnjs a tower and a badger, (y. Tasso.) 
THWAITKS (QE.), Assarts, Reclaimed land, Pasture, Bough 

marshy ground. 
THYNNE ((£.), anc. Of th' inne, Of the Inn of Court. 
TIAARDA, van (iFria.), of Tjaard's. {v. Abbema.) 
TIAC, lo (QV.), the Head of the household. 
TICHBORNE (©.), Ticceburne, Kid^s brook. 
TICKNOR (e), dTtchenor, of Itchenor ; i. e., Brink or Bank of 

the Icen. 
TIMMERMAN (D.), Carpenter, (v. Zimmermann and Sayer.) 
TIZZONI {3l), Firebrands ; and three are burning in their Arms. 
TODD ((f .), Fox, also Bush. Todiicnteb, Fox-hunter. 
TOEKAMP (ID.) At the field. Toewatek, At the water. 



73 



rONSTALL((S.), Town stead or place. (.. Sallon.tall.) 

U OGOOI) (e), Too good. (r. Allgoo.l and Troplon,..) " 

lOPLIFFE orTopcIifre (©•), Ta,le„cli.rc, Toad's cm 

lORKLLO (31.), Touno Ml. (v. O.s an.I Kalf.) 

lOKEN, van der (D.), Touuk, della (31.), of the Tower. Tou- 

10rLEBIu\ (©.), Todo, Dodo, or 2>«rfo'« rf«,cft-«<7. (.. von 

Alvensleben, Dudley, and Dirckinck.) 
TOTTENHAM ((£.), Deodenham, Deodo or Theodo^ home. 
TOUCHEBCEUF, de (£.), of Drove ofo.en. (. le Ba-uf.) 

Ton^ n!^'''''^' '' ^^•^' "•^^'^ "-^'''^ "''^^•^ (^'- ^« 1'-Souct.) 
TOUR m PIN, do lu (£.), of the Tower of the Pine. 

TO WM^^"^^^ ^^'^' "^" ""'"'''• ^"- ^^^"^''^'1 '^nd Wliiteman.) 
lUWNE (©.), 7b«;«. Tun, an enclosed place, fold, dwelling, 

house, yard, farm, village, town. («;. van de Stad ) 
TIIANCIIEMER, de (£.), of Cut sea. Arms : A sword plunged 

in a sea. (v. Snijdewindt and Taillefer.) 
TRAON (X), ra%. Tkaondoun, de,o/i?ee;, fa%/ Tuaon- 

NKVKZ, de, of New valley. 
TRAUTSOHN (©.), Dear or Beloved son. (v. Zoon and Vader.) 
TREANxNA, de (a.), of Anne's town. Tref, Ireo, trew, hamlet, 
town, city. Treffilis, de, of Church town. Tiiegastel, de, 
of Castle town. Tuegouet, de, of Wood town. Tremenec, 
de, of Monk's town. Trevelec, de, of Priest's town. 
TREBY (OE.), Tre bighe. Little town? Tre, tref, house, dwelling, 
town. Trefrv, Tre vre, HiU town. Trelawnet, Grove tow, - 
Treaieniieere, Column town.' Maen hir, stone tall; perhaps 
a Runic stone. Trenance, Valley or Brook town. Treva- 
NiON, Tre fFynnon, WeU or Spnng town. Tbevelyan, i!/«« 
town. Trevor, Sea town. 
TREMEN, de (%.), of Passage, Road, or Way. (v. de Hennebont.) 
TRENGOVE (C), Strong smith, (v. Angove and Quein-^ofF.) 
TRESLONG, van (JU.), of Treslong ; i.e., Tres long (£), Very 

long or /arye. A lordship in Hainault. 
TRESOR, le (i^.), the Treasure. Arms: A "tresor" of fifteen 
pieces of gold and silver coin. 

10 



f I? 

t 



TRKTTRNIET (13.), Mourn not, Lament not. (i% Ociliilt.) 
TUir (D.). J?'"""', or woiniin's wooden .hIioc. Anns: (In. lluro 

««tripppn" (plural of "trip") or. 
TROADEK (QV ), nigfoot. (r. Plutvoet and Zi(.rliiHs.) 
TUOnODIOC, do (IV.). of t^itsh town. (r. do TrcMium.) Tno- 
ooiK, do, of Smith's town. Tkomi.mn, dc, of Mill m Yclhm 
town. Milin, otjV// mv\m, yellow. Tuomknih', dci, «/"iJ/o«/!;'« 
town. 
TROMP (D.), Hunter's horn. One of (lit* most. raniouH of Dutch 
admirals was Maarlcn HarptM-tszoon Tronip (!.(>.. MarUa Tromp, 
son oflferhert), wiio in 10 "»2, liavinj; ddfoatcd llm lMi-,di,sli ad- 
miral, Ulako, hoisted a broom at the mast-licad, to show lluit lio 
had swept the seas. i 

TROPLONCr {£.), Too long. {v. Toogood and van Trcslong.) 
THOWnUIDGE (©.), Truthabrig, Trumpeter's briilf/of 
TRIIEIJODY {(£.), Trusty messenger. Treuliodi was uii Aiiglo- 

Saxon^nnme. (v. Peabody.) 
T' SERCLAES (m.), The Sir mcholas's. (r. V Serai'rts.) 
TUDOR, Tewdwr, or Tudur (U).), Theoilore. Tfwdrr../«<, 
TUFTS ((£.), Grove, Plmitation, or Toft; i.e., Jlomeslmd, 
TURCO, del (jjt.), of the Turk. {o. dal Moro.) 
TURELLE (©.), Tourelle, Totoer ; or Turrold or Thorohf. 
TURNBULL (S-). Turn bull. Given to one who turned a hull 
as the animal was attacking King Robert Unice, (Voni whom 
there is said to be a charter to "Williehno dido 'J'lirnbull." 
The name of these gay Moss-troopers, who belonged to tbo 
Middle Marches, was generally prononnc(;d Trundiiiil. 
TUSCIIEX (O.), Between .' Possibly a corruption of 'rijssen, (j. v. 
TUSSCHENBROEK, van (JH.), of Partition or Division marsh. 
TYLER ((ff.), Tiler; and perhaps sometimes from tho Anglo- 
Saxon " tilier," husbandman. Tom Tifer (prov.), a henpecked 
husband. 
TYNTE ((£.). Tinged, Stained; for the name of tliis family is 
said to be derived from their Latin motto, "Tinclus cnioro 
Saraceno." 
TIJSSEN (JU.), Son of Tijs or Matthias. 



75 



U. 

UBEL (©.), Bad, Sick, Sid/,/, (r. Unwyn.) 
TJFFOHI) (C), Af.rrei/<e/or,/,ov Owh or UffcC, ford 
UGKSnOKNE ((E.), ]Yi,ulin,j brook ? Wog, weol., crooked, bend- 
xnij, turning. •. 

UIII.EFKLD («3.). OwU field. Ui.LKNHuoKK (D.), OxoU 
marsh. 

UIBEIIACKKIi ((5.), Across or vli,«.e <//«/«/,/. (,. OverLekf ) 
UJTENIIAGEN (CJ.), Ui. .Ic„ I.h.,, ^„< o/ or /V.,« ,/,« /.«,/^e. 

UlTiCRNKSSK, Out of the cape or promontory. 
ULLMAXX (©.), y^M-eZ/cT wear the elms, or k<tVe 0/ Ulm. Ul- 

MKNSTKIN, 7iY/H's ca«/fr. 

UMHACII (©.), ^< or Ae«r brook. Umbgrovk, At pit, mine, or 

qmrry. C.MHiMar, J< p/«/„. Umi.aijff, At current. 
UNl)EKHILL(e),£/-«./«r /«•//. (.. Unterbcrg.) Unukkwood, 

Inder wood, or same as Tallboys, q. v. 
UNIA te Winlum, van (JTris.), of Oene or Une's race at Wiard's 

home. Unia, an abbreviation of Uninga. 
UNIACKE (3.), The only one, Unique; a name said to be a cor- 

ruption of "Unicus est," the ancient Latin motto of the family. 
UNRUII {<&.), Uneasy, Turbulent, ov Free from cure '^ 
UNTORIJEKG (©.), Under hill. (.. Onderberg.) UNTEnnKU- 

GER, Dweller under the hill. Unxehriciiter, Subordinate 
judge. 

UNWYN ((5.), Unhappy, Joyless, (y. Ubel and Unruh.) 
UPCOTT (©.), mgh cottage. Upfold, High field. Upham, 
Ifigh home. Upuill, Ifigh hill or Upon the hill. Uppleby, 
anc. Applebie, q. v. Upsale, High hall or house. Upton, 
High (own. 

UPJOHN (€.), Q> John. Up Thomas. i7^ T'yj.^na., _ from 
dwellings up the street or hill. (v. Homeyer.) The last may 
be Welsh, — Ap Thomas, Son of Thomas. 

UPPENKAMP (m.), In the field, (v. Opdenheldc.) 



I 



76 



UTENGOYE (D.). Out of or From the GooUand. Utkniiovk, 

Out of the farm or court, (r. IJitcnlin{?cn.) 
UYT DEN BOOGARD, Out of or From the Orchard. TTytkn- 

CASirr, Out of the field. Uvtknknok, Out of the d<fle. 

Uytkerkk, Out of the church. Uytwyk, Out of the ward, 
parish, or quarter. 



T. 

VACIIE, la (i^.)> '^e Cow. Arms : Gu. a cow nrg. An early 

K. G. was styled « Mouns. S' Richard levache ; " and the name 

still remains upon his stall at Windsor, on a p^ate bearing his 

Arms (lions rampant), and crest of a cow's leg. (v. Koe.) 

VADER (d.), Father. W. Vader, a burgomaster in 1847. 

VAL, du (£.), Valle, della (3t.), of the Valley. Valleiieb- 

MOSA, de (0p,), of Lovely valley, (v. ten Dall.) 
VALK (JD.), Falcon. Valckenier, Falconer. Valkenburo, 

van, of Falcon's castle. 
VANAME (N. ^.), Of Namen or Namur. Vandenburgii, Of 
the hurgh. {v. van den Burg.) Vandenhoek, Of the comer. 
Vanuerbilt, Of the Bildt. Vanderpoel, Of the marsh. 
Vanderiieyden, Of the heath, or Of ter Heide. Vander- 
yfTS.nKy.ii, Of the Werken. YkViiiv.VfXiY.n, Of the water. Van- 
GEI.DER, Of Gelderland. Vanness and Vannest, the sabe as 
van Nes, q. v. Vanolinda, Van der linden, Of the lime-trees. 
In Holland, the above prefixes are very rarely joined to the 
name. 
VANE (©.), Wan, Pale ? or the same as Fane, q. v. 
VAS, de (ID.), the Vase. {v. Wasservas.) 
VASTO, del (0|j.), of the Space or Large ploie'i 
VAUBLANC, de {£.), of White valley. Vacdemont, de, of 

Mountain valley. Vaux C^. M".), Valleys, (v. du Val.) 
VAUGIIAN (tD.), Little, (v. le Bihan and Klein.) 
VAYER, le (i:.), the Surveyor. 
VEAZIE (N. <£.), anc. de Vesci, of Vassy, in Normandy. 



77 



(v. Goudswaard.) 



VEELWAAUD (D.), Much worth, Valuable? 

VKKNEMAN (D.), Fetman, Fenner. 

VEEU, van 't (CD.), of the Ferry, (c. Tervoer.) 

VEGA, de la (Sp.), of the Plain. 

VELDE, van do (D.), of the Field. Velt, in 't, in the Field. 

VER, lo {£.), the Great, Strong, or Powerfid. 

VERBEEK (d.), Van der beck, Of the brook. VEunoECKnovEN, 
Of the beech-tree courts. VEintuucoEN, Of the bridges. Vkr- 
KERK, Of the church. Vermoelen de Theewinkel, Of ihe 
mills the Tea-shop. I give the name as recorded in the Register 
of the Netherlands NobiHty, and "de Theowinkcl" is "pure 
Dutch for the Tea or Groce/s shop: but this «de" may he 
French ; and the name, Of the mills of T corner, (v. von Win- 
kel and Beanshop.) Versciiuur, Of the bam. Versluvs, 
Of the sluice. 
VERCHERE, do la (f.), of the Orchard, (v. Duverg6.) 
VERDI (i^.), Vrudao (m.), Friday, (v. Maandag and Ilittag.) 
VERDON (QV. N.), Verdu7i, anc. Verodunum ; i. e., Castle ^of 
Verus. 

VERE (e.) The same as Ware, q. v. 

VERME, dal (3t.), of the Worm. 

VERMIGLIOLI (M.), Sons of Vermiglio or li^rmilion. 

VERNOIS, du {£.), of the Almond vaUey? Ver, valley, meadoxo. 

VESPUCCI (irt.), Sons of Vespa or Wasp. (v. Emmeiy.) 

VETTE, de (ID.), the Fat. (v. Grace and le Gros.) 

VETTER, von der Lelie (®.), Uncle or Cousin of the Lily. 

VIEFVILLE, de (S.), of Old town. Vielcastel, de, of Old 
castle. ViETjx-PoNT, de, of Old Bridge. 

VIEREGG, von (©.), of Four comers, (v. de Quatrebarbes.) 

VILAIN XIV. (S.) Peasant, Farmer, Merchant or Trader, Ple- 
beian, Commoner, was the early signification of the word " vilain." 
The Viscounts Vilain XIV. are descended from Martin de 
Gand-Vilain, Councillor of the Duke of Burgundy, who d. 
1465. His son is styled Adrien de Gand dit Vilain, second of 
the name. It is said that the XIV. was added on account of the 



78 



birth of an heir to tlio fiiinily while Louis XIV. wns piissing a 
niglit at their chiitonu. 
VILI.K.MAIN and Guillcmii. (/.). Jim. of CJiiilleaume, m//ium. 
VI IJ.KM-.CVi:. do (£.), of N,w town. (,-. ,1,. Itoui-neiif.) 
VlMrKUlIOKI) (D.), Fi.N.iKHiii Til (03.), nimble. 
VINTON ((g.), the Huiue as ■\Viiitoii, i|. v. 
VIS (D.), /•'/.«/(. VissciiKU, Fisher. (/•. Fisk and lo Goujon.) 
VISCONTl, do' (3t.),oft/w risconfi or Vacounts. 
VISDKJ.OU (J^.), Wulf, face. 

VLIET, van der (□.), of the Brook. (<-. Fleet and zum Flelh.) 
VONJ)FL, van den (O.), of the Small wooden bridye. Joost van 

den ■\'ondeI, ob. KhD, i.s the tirst of Netli<!riiind's poot.M. 
VOUGT, de (CD.), the Guardian, (r. Iliinoitsteii).) 
■ VOOUDEWINl) (D.), Jiefore the wind. (r. van der Wind.) 
VOYLK (U).), Moel, Jiald. The liritons gave to Ciksuv the name 

of lolo Voel, Julius the Jiald. 
VRIKS, de (JD.), the Frisian. 

VllOE, Cm (O.), the Wise, Prudent, Sage, (c, Frodham.) 
VUOUW, dc (EJ.), the Woman ! I liavc met with but a solitary 
instanee of this name,— Jan dc Vroiiw, John the Woman. He 
•A'as living about the time of tlie Reformation, {v. « llademaker, 
Ned. Oudheden, I). 4, biz. 88.") 
VllYIIFID, van der {W), of the Freedom or Liberty. 
VULLEIl, de (D.), the Fulhr, Tucker, or Walker. 
VT URPIJL (E).), Sky-rocket, {v. Snellebrand.) 
VIJF EEKEN (D.), Five Oaks. (v. Sevenoke.) 
VIJVER, van der (E).), of the Fish-pond. (v. van der Weyer.) 



w. 



■WAJ.L, dc (D.), the Walloon, or Miire of IJege. 
WAA '\ de {D.). the Innkeeper, (r. Ware.) 
WAI>8\\ . T (t:.), Ford, Wood or Meadow farm. Wad, a 
ford.,i.\ -^nd. VJaic, meadow, (r. Worth.) In 1277, Peter 



79 



; I. 



DK WAi>i)K,wottTii wns livinjT in tl.o wapontako of Sfradonl, 
en. Vi.ik. Tho first wlio nmiv. to tliis coiinlry wiih CiiitisToriiKa 
\VAi>iu,swoitrii S..l(Tlnmn an.l D.'i.iKy, whose iiuino appeaM 
in iho Wfords ot Duxlimy, Mass., as early as KJ.'JO. 
WAFi;p:i,r, vnn ilc (m.),oft/,e World'. 
■ WAKKMAN (C), W,>fc/,muH. (r. Sehaarwa.-l.ter.) 

V,ALCOT and Woolcot ((P.), Wood collm/e. Waldkorave, 

Wood rt'xve, Steward of the forest, {v. Woodrollr.) 
WAL 1 )n KIM ((B.), Wood home. Walzult, von, of Wood hut. 
WAF.VISCII, van (U.), of Whale, (i;. Vis.) 
WALWVN (U).), Whit,' u'oll. (r. ih' Mura.) 
WAUK (ffi.), Enclosure, Wicr or V^/w, Fish-pond. In Ilolinnd, 
" waard, weert, weer," formerly signified a /;r/rm or castle which 
served to ward oti' an enemy ; also a protertion of any sort, but 
particularly a dike a-ainst water. Waani, q. v., now signifies a 
polder, or drained lake; also a drab- and ,« Landlord. 
WA1{NK11 ((£.), Warrener. {v. Main waring.) 
WAUHEN ((£.), Warren, (v. Mainwaring, Chase, and Konijnen- 
berg.) Many of this sm-name, however, claim descent from 
William de Garennes or do Warenne, a companion of tho 
Conqueror, so called from Varimna (now Ilellencombre) 5n 
Normandy, which derived its name fi-om the Northern Waren- 
gangi ( War-f/oers?) or Varangi, some of whom formed the body- 
guard of the Greek P^mperors. 
WASHINGTON (©.), Wa<singatun, Town of Wasa's race or 
descendants. Wasa or yuan, faun, satyr. 

Wr i.iAM UE HioinT.iKN, Lord of the manor of Washing- 
ton, CO. Durham, was living in the thirteenth century. His 
descendant, John Washington, of Whitfield, is believed to 
liavo been the first who assumed "the name of Washington. 
From him sprang Joun Washington, who emigrated to 
America, and was great-grandfather of Geouge Washington, 
Pater Patria-, n. 17^32, ob. s. p. 1799. 
WASSENAAR, van (B.), of Wassenaar ; i.e.. Marsh narrows, 
or rnirrow part of the marsh. Was (Sfljt.), a marsh, moor, or 
fen ; nearo, narrow. The lords of Wa^^seuaar were called the 



' 






80 



oldest family in Holland. Their name first appears in history 
A.D. 838. Wassink, Wasa's son. (v. Washington.) 
WASSP:RVAS ((B.), Water-vase. Arms: Az. three pitchers or. 
WATER, Toe (D.), At Water, {v. Awater and Vandewater.) 
WATKINS ((P.), WatkMs, or of Littk Wat or Walter. 
WEBER (©.), Weaver, Webster, {v. Tessier.) 
WEEGH, op de (13.), on the Head. Wkgeavijs, Guide or 

Guide-post. (v. des Chemins.) 
WEILER zu Weiler (®.), Hamlet in Hamlet, (v. du Hamel.) 
WEISSMANN (©.), Vise man. (v. Wijsman and dc Vroe.) 
WEISSMANTEL (©.), White mantle. Weissenwolp, White 

wolf. Weissiiaupt, White head, q. v. {v. Wittekop.) 
WELBORNE (©.), Well-spnng. ^v. Wyborne.) 
WELD (©.), Wood, Forest; also Plain. 

WELLBELOVED (©.), Well-hcloved. (y. Ame and de Liefde.) 
WELVAART (D.), )Fe//are, Prosperity, {v. Geluk.) 
WEMYSS (S.), Uaimhs, Caves. 

WESTBROEK, van (O.), of West marsh. Westeinde, van 't, 
of the West end, Westenuoup, West village. Westeriiolt 
and Westerwoudt, West wood. Westeklage, West hollow. 
Westkikcii, West church. 
WESTCAR ((g.), West rock, wood, or marsh, {y. Carr.) West- 
coat, West cottage. 
WETMORE ((£.), Wedmor, Hill of the pledge, vow, or promise? 
WEIJDEN, van der (SD.), of the Pastures, (v. Klaverweide.) 
WEYER, van der (CJ.), of the Pond or Fish-pond. (v. Duvivier.) 
WIIIPLEY or Whipple ((£.), Thrashing-feld ? 
WHITEBREAD (©.), White bread. Whiteciiukcii, White 
church. WiiiTEFOui), White ford. Whitehall, White house. 
Whiteuand, White hand. Whitehead, Whitehead. White- 
Houx, White corner. Wiiitehorse, White horse. White- 
house, White house. Whitehull, White hill or hovel. 
Whitehukst, White grove. Whitelaw, White land or pas- 
ture. WiiiTELiNff, White heath. Wiiitelock, Wiite hair, 
lake, or canal-lock. Whiteman, Ifan clothed in lohite. White- 
stones, White stones. Whiteway, White road. 



81 

WlirrGRAVE m, mUe ,ro.e or ea.e. WnxTrxa, Son of 
H^U or Wlnte. Wh.xmok., Wittan.or, WiUa„.», Assejy 
0. Counnl moor or field. Whitxkv, Wittan ig, Council islandi 
WHIXWK.L, White v,ell or .;,n-«^. WurxwiCK, White d.elU 
tng. Whitwoxg, White marsh, meadow, or «ro.«. Wiirx 
WORTH, W7«Ve/am. 

WIESENTHAL (©.), Meadow-valley, (v. van der Weyden ) 

forename, and probably also Anglo-Saxon, _ or Wizard's farm. 
vviglere, a diviner, soothsayer, conjurer 

WILBRAHAM (Qf.), anc. de Wilburgham, Pleasant, or Well or 
Spriny town home. 

WILDE, de (m.), the Savage. VVix^dkboek, Wild hoor. Wilde 
MAN, Wild man. Wildschut, Poacher. 

'T//^'^-^®-\^r'"'^ (^H.), W.n...s (©.), William's 

WU..KMSK, Wmemsen, and Willems^ (D.), m%a;«'. .,,, 
Wx .,,« and WiUink (P.), PF^V.. .«„. Wzmiot and Gillot 
(e), Guillemot and GuiUot {£.), dim. of William. (.. Gil- 
man and d'Oilliamson.) ^ 

WINCHESTER (e), Wintan cea^ter, Winta' s castle. 

WIND van dor (J.), «/ the Wind. From a sign of Boreas ? 

(f. Snydewmd, Terwindt, and Voordewind.) 
WINKEL, von ((g.), ./ Corner. (.. Tenwinkel.) 
W NIvELAAR (S3.), Shopkeeper, (v. Cramer.) 
WINNEFELD ((&.), Field of battle or victory. 
WINSLOW (©.), Winneshlaw, Battle tumuhcs. 
WINSTANLEY m, Battle ov Victory stone field 
WINTERBOTTOM ((£.), ^f^..«. .a^ or Jl- ..^ 
WINTHROP (e),P/« .•.«,. (iFreud'el:!:) 

Jonx WiNTHROP, Governor of Massachusetts in^lcaO, was 

in England and Scotland, {v. Vinton.) 

11 






82 



WIT, de (HD.), the White. "Witlage, White hoHoto or vatlei/. 
WiTLANDT, White land. Witmondt, White month. Witte- 
KOP, Whitehead. WiXTENBiutc, White hill ov Hill of council. 
(i\ Whitmore.) 

WOESTYNE, van do (O.). «/<^e desert, (v. Wildcodt.) 

WOLF or Wolff, de (H).), the Wolf. 

WOLFFENSPERGEll (&.), Jeweller in the wolves' mount. 
WoLFRAMSDORF, voD, of Wolf (tud Rftven's village ; tlie wolf 
and raven being united as attendants of Odin, as they were also 
of Apollo. 

WOLKENSBERG (©.)» Oloud's mount. 

WOLVEGA, van (iTvis.)) of Wolfs village. Gea or ga, a village. 

WOODHEAD (©.), Head of the wood. {v. de Chef du Bois.) 
WooDUOUSE, House of the wood. Wooding, Wood meadow. 
Woodman, Wood-dweller or dealer. Woodroffe, Woodrow, 
or WoodriuT, Wood reeve, {v. Walcot.) 

WORTH (©.)> Field, Farm, Manor, Homestead, Estate. 

WOUDE, van den, and Wout, van 't (JD.), of the Wood. (y. ten 
Hout.) 

WTTEWAALL or Wttewael (HD.), Out of or From the Waal, or 
district called Waalwijk ? (v. Uitenhagen.) 

WUNDERLICH (©.)» Wonderful. 

WYBORNE (©.), Wylborne, Well spring or hrooh. 

WIJCK, van (JSS.), of Wijk ; i.e., Quarter ov Parish. 

WIJDOOGEN (ID.), Large eyes. (v. le Borgne and Malavista.) 

WYKEHAM ((g.), Marsh hone ? Wic, a marsh. 

WIJMANS (!I).), Hunter's, (v. Jager and Chasseloup.) 

WIJNGAARDEN, van (H).), of Vineyards. Wijnpekse, Wine- 
press. WiJNSTOK, Vine. 

WYNNE (tt).), White, Fair. (v. Bain, le Cann, and le Gwen.) 

WIJS (O.), Wise. WiJSJiAN, Wise man. {v. Weissmann.) 



Ill 



83 



X. 

XAINTONGE, de {£.), of Saintonge. Xaintrailles, de, of 

Saintraillcs. Xancoins, de, of Sancoins. 
XAJSTEN, van (D.), ofXanten, in Prussia. 
XAVIER (Sp.)' J^riUiant. Doubtless a Moorish relic; for this 

surname is plainly the Arabic word " xaver." 
XH^NEMONT, de {£.), of Oak hill. (v. du Quesnoy.) 
-ilMENES {^}fi.), of Ximme ; for the name appears to be the 

genitive of the Greek Ximene, a district along the Euxine. 

There are, however, two towns in Spain called Ximena. 
XUAREZ or Suarez (S}J.), Xuero's or Suero's. (v. Diaz.) 
XYLANDER {(Q.), Woodman. The name of a German scholar, 

originally Holzmann, which he translated into Greek. 



Y. 

Y, d' (£.), of T. The family of Y, Seigniors of Seraucourt, pro- 
bably derive their name from the lands of Y, near Peronne. 

YAGER (N.13.) The same as Jager, q. v. 

YALDWIN ((£.), JIappij old age. (v. Unwyn.) 

YANEZ (Sp.), Juan's, or of Juan or John. (v. Diaz.) 

YATES (©.), Yetts (S.), Gates, (v. v. d. Poort and Amthor.) 

YNGE and Ynghara (ffi.) The same as Inge and Ingham, q. v. 

YOUNGLOVE (©.), Toung love. (v. de Jong.) 

YSABEAU (£.), Isabeau, now Isabel, a woman's forename. 

IJSSELSTEIN, van (CD.), of IJsselstein or Castle on the IJssel; 
i. e.. Water of the Salii, a tribe mentioned by Tacitus, (v. van 
der Aa.) 

IJTSMA (Jrig.), IJtse's, or of TJtse. (v. Abbema.) 

YVER (£.), Winter. A Normandy family. 

IJZENDOORN (ID.), Iron thorn. 

IJZENDYK, van (JH.), of IJzendijke ; i.e.. Iron dike. 

IJZER (JD.), Iron. IJserman, Iron man. {v. Isebrants.) 



84 



Z. 



If: 



ZAALIGIIER (0.), Blessed, (v. Gnaden and Gedult.) 
ZAIX, de {£.),oftlte Waters, (w. des Aix and de I'Eau.) 
ZEDDES, dc {£.), of Z's or Zeds ? Anns : Or, a Z, gu. 
ZEE, van der (D.). of the Sea. Zekjian, Seaman, Sailor. 

Zeeuw, de, the Zeelander. 
ZELLWEGER ((5.), Dweller on the Zelle road. (v. Strada.) 
ZEVENBOOM (JH.), Sacin-lrec. Zkveniiuisicn, Seven houses. 
ZIEGENFUSS ((g.), Goat's foot. Zieufuss, Pretty foot. 
ZILVI-:R (D.), Silver, q. v. Silvekyser, Silver-iron? 
ZIMxMER {{&.), Chamber, Timber. Zimmermann, Carpenter. 
ZOBEL, von ((&.), of Sable. Perhaps from their Arms, — Sablo, 
on a bend or, a sable proper ; but, according to Professor Pott, 
in Swabia, the word " zobel" impHes a, fat, slovenly fellow. 
ZOELEVENSOEN (JH.), Sweet life's son. A surname in 1348. 
ZOETE, de (JD.), the Sweet or Amiable. (i>. Swett.) 
::OLLIKOFER or Z :iickhofer ((<$.), ^ord of Zollicken, a baili- 

wick in Switzerland, (v. Hofer.) 
ZOLLMANN (©.), Tollman, (v. Brugman.) 
ZONDAG (B.), Sunday, (v. Maandag and Verdi.) 
ZOON (D.), Son. The name of J. Zoon is in Amsterdam Direc- 
tory for 1851 ; and, in another, is Teunis Zoon. (v. Trautsolm.) 
ZOUCIIE Ca. N.), Slump of a tree, and perhaps Stumpy or Short. 
(v. Stumpff and de LesquifRou.) The first of the name in 
England was William le Zusche, ob. circa 1200. 
ZOUTMAN (13.), Saltmati. 

ZUBER ((&.), Tub. (v. Iloncypot, Olievat, and Zurkanne.) 
ZUCKSCHWERDT ((g.). Draw sword, (v. Skene.) 
ZUIL, van der (O.), of the Pillar or Column, (v. van Zuylen.) 
ZOLAUF (©.), At course or ctirrent. (v. Anlauf and Umlauff.) 
ZUMBACH (®,), At the brook. Zumberge, At the hill. Zujr- 
BOHM, At the tree. Zumbkod, At the ford. Brod is a Polish 
word. Zciihvscu, At the bush. Zvmfeld, At the feld. Zdm- 



.'M 



85 



Sailor 



GRUNDE, At the vatteji. Zumloh, At the wood. {v. van Loo ) 

ZuMSTKG, At the bridge. Zumstkik, At the stone or custle. 
ZURKANN (©.), At the can or tanhard. Zl-rlackn, At the 

arbors or boioers. Zurmuiilicn, At the mills. 
ZUURMOND (O.), Grimbler; lit., Sour mouth, {v. Sauer.) 
ZUYLEN, van (E).), of Columns. Arms : Ar. three columns gu. 
ZWAAN {m.), Swan. Zwanenfeld, Stem's field. 
ZWART (B.), Black. Zwartjks, dim. of Zwart. 
ZWEIBRUCKEN, von (©.), of Two bridges. The name of this 

family often appears in French, — "de Deux Ponts." 
ZIJNExX {m.),ms! L.ZijnenandT.D.VrijdagZijnen,-i.e. 

L. His and T. D. Friday ///«,_ wore formerly living at the 

Hague, {v. Dim.) 
ZIJP, van (fD.), 0/ Zyjoe, in North Holland. 



" Tote rien se tome en docliii ; 
Tot chiet, tot muert, tot vait a fin ; 
Horn muert, for use, fust porrist, 
Tur font, mur chiet, rose flaistrit; 
Cheval tresbuclie, drap viesist, 
Tot ovro fet od maiuz perist." 

Roman de liou. 



CORRIGENDA. 



DAM, van. After of Bam, add " in Friesland, and of Damme in Flanders." 

HELLEO ANGER. JJtceller in the Ilelle lane is the meaning of this name, 
which is analogous to the Enghsh Streeter. As " hel " in Dutch signifies 
ficll, and "ganger" walker, I deemed it to be of the class derived from 
nicknames, and not unlike that of Ganging Ralph, as a Lowland Scot 
would call Gangerolf, Gaungo Rolf, or Ralph the Walker (v. p. xiv), but, 
upon reflection, am tatisfled of my error. Compare Querengasser, Zell- 
weger, Smallegang, and Strada. Helle signified a hollow, low or deep 
place; and also, in the old Frisian, high and dry. 

MIDDELKOOP is probably derived from the place so called ; and, if the 
'flnal syllable does not here signify market, it must be a corruption of 
"hoop," and the name thus be Middle hill. 

PIN-DE-MONTE. Pine of Monte or Mountain is a more correct translation. 

ROTHSCHILD, von. There is a Boston name Crowninshield. Compare 
also Flikkenschild, Ruitenschild, and Puckler. If, however, this name is 
not derived from a Red shield, it must be from the Danish town Rotsehild 
or Roskild ; i. e.. Roe's well. Kilde, a well or spring. One of the fabu- 
lous kings of Denmark, living A.M. 3580, was named Roe. 



ammc in Flanders." 
ming of this name, 
" in Dutch signifies 
I class derived from 
as a Lowland Scot 
Iker (v. p. xiv), but, 
Querengasser, Zell- 
hollow, low or deep 

called ; and, if the 
t be a corruption of 

e correct translation, 
linshield. Compare 
owever, this name is 
inish town Rotsehild 
. One of the fabu- 
>d £oe. 



